Early specialist care for diabetes: who benefits most? A propensity score-matched cohort study

Diabet Med. 2016 Jan;33(1):111-8. doi: 10.1111/dme.12801. Epub 2015 Jun 25.

Abstract

Aims: To examine whether early endocrinologist care reduces the risk of cardiovascular complications among newly diagnosed patients with diabetes of differing complexity.

Methods: We conducted a population-based propensity score-matched cohort study using provincial health data from Ontario, Canada. Adults (≥ 30 years) diagnosed with diabetes between 1 April 1998 and 31 March 2006 who received endocrinologist care in the first year of diagnosis were matched to a comparison group receiving primary care alone (N = 79 020) based on propensity scores and medical complexity (assigned using information on chronic conditions). Individuals were followed for 3- and 5-year outcomes, including non-fatal acute myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease death (primary endpoint), major cardiovascular events (acute myocardial infarction, stroke) or all-cause death, amputation and end-stage renal disease.

Results: Among medically complex patients, early endocrinologist care was associated with a lower 3-year incidence of the primary endpoint (hazard ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.78-1.01) and major cardiovascular events or all-cause death (hazard ratio 0.91, 95% CI 0.85-0.97). These effects persisted after accounting for a higher incidence of end-stage renal disease on follow-up and were greatest in those with ≥ 3 visits to an endocrinologist (primary endpoint: hazard ratio 0.69, 95% CI 0.56-0.86 and 0.61, 95% CI 0.45-0.82, for unadjusted and end-stage renal disease adjusted analyses, respectively). In contrast, no benefit was observed in the non-medically complex subgroup. Overall effects were similar at 5 years.

Conclusions: Early endocrinologist care is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular events and death among newly diagnosed patients with diabetes who have comorbid medical conditions.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / complications
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Data Anonymization
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / mortality
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / therapy*
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / epidemiology
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / mortality
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / prevention & control*
  • Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / epidemiology
  • Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / mortality
  • Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / prevention & control*
  • Endocrinology / methods*
  • Endocrinology / trends
  • Evidence-Based Medicine*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Information Storage and Retrieval
  • Male
  • Mortality
  • Ontario / epidemiology
  • Propensity Score
  • Risk Factors
  • Single-Payer System
  • Specialization*
  • Survival Analysis
  • Workforce