Structure-Based Design of a Small Molecule CD4-Antagonist with Broad Spectrum Anti-HIV-1 Activity

J Med Chem. 2015 Sep 10;58(17):6909-6927. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00709. Epub 2015 Aug 28.

Abstract

Earlier we reported the discovery and design of NBD-556 and their analogs which demonstrated their potential as HIV-1 entry inhibitors. However, progress in developing these inhibitors has been stymied by their CD4-agonist properties, an unfavorable trait for use as drug. Here, we demonstrate the successful conversion of a full CD4-agonist (NBD-556) through a partial CD4-agonist (NBD-09027), to a full CD4-antagonist (NBD-11021) by structure-based modification of the critical oxalamide midregion, previously thought to be intolerant of modification. NBD-11021 showed unprecedented neutralization breath for this class of inhibitors, with pan-neutralization against a panel of 56 Env-pseudotyped HIV-1 representing diverse subtypes of clinical isolates (IC50 as low as 270 nM). The cocrystal structure of NBD-11021 complexed to a monomeric HIV-1 gp120 core revealed its detail binding characteristics. The study is expected to provide a framework for further development of NBD series as HIV-1 entry inhibitors for clinical application against AIDS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-HIV Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Anti-HIV Agents / chemistry*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / pharmacology
  • CD4 Antigens / metabolism*
  • Cell Fusion
  • Cell Line
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / chemistry
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / metabolism
  • HIV Reverse Transcriptase / metabolism
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • HIV-1 / isolation & purification
  • HIV-1 / physiology
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Bonding
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Oxalates / chemical synthesis
  • Oxalates / chemistry*
  • Oxalates / pharmacology
  • Piperidines / chemical synthesis
  • Piperidines / chemistry*
  • Piperidines / pharmacology
  • Protein Conformation
  • Pyrroles / chemical synthesis
  • Pyrroles / chemistry*
  • Pyrroles / pharmacology
  • Receptors, CCR5 / metabolism
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiazoles / chemical synthesis
  • Thiazoles / chemistry*
  • Thiazoles / pharmacology
  • Virus Internalization / drug effects

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • CD4 Antigens
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120
  • N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxalamide
  • NBD-11021
  • Oxalates
  • Piperidines
  • Pyrroles
  • Receptors, CCR5
  • Receptors, CXCR4
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
  • Thiazoles
  • HIV Reverse Transcriptase

Associated data

  • PDB/4RZ8