High glucose concentration induces endothelial cell proliferation by regulating cyclin-D2-related miR-98

J Cell Mol Med. 2016 Jun;20(6):1159-69. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12765. Epub 2016 Feb 3.

Abstract

Cyclin D2 is involved in the pathology of vascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study investigated the role of cyclin-D2-regulated miRNAs in endothelial cell proliferation of T2DM. Results showed that higher glucose concentration (4.5 g/l) significantly promoted the proliferation of rat aortic endothelial cells (RAOECs), and significantly increased the expression of cyclin D2 and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma 1 (p-RB1) in RAOECs compared with those under low glucose concentration. The cyclin D2-3' untranslated region is targeted by miR-98, as demonstrated by miRNA analysis software. Western blot also confirmed that cyclin D2 and p-RB1 expression was regulated by miR-98. The results indicated that miR-98 treatment can induce RAOEC apoptosis. The suppression of RAOEC growth by miR-98 might be related to regulation of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase 9 expression. Furthermore, the expression levels of miR-98 decreased in 4.5 g/l glucose-treated cells compared with those treated by low glucose concentration. Similarly, the expression of miR-98 significantly decreased in aortas of established streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model compared with that in control rats; but cyclin D2 and p-RB1 levels remarkably increased in aortas of STZ-induced diabetic rats compared with those in healthy control rats. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that high glucose concentration induces cyclin D2 up-regulation and miR-98 down-regulation in the RAOECs. By regulating cyclin D2, miR-98 can inhibit human endothelial cell growth, thereby providing novel therapeutic targets for vascular complication of T2DM.

Keywords: cell proliferation; cyclin D2; gene expression; miR-98; type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 3' Untranslated Regions / genetics
  • Animals
  • Aorta / cytology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cyclin D2 / genetics
  • Cyclin D2 / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / genetics
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / pathology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Endothelial Cells / drug effects
  • Endothelial Cells / metabolism*
  • Endothelial Cells / pathology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Glucose / toxicity*
  • Male
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism*
  • Phosphorylation / drug effects
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Retinoblastoma Protein / genetics
  • Retinoblastoma Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • 3' Untranslated Regions
  • Cyclin D2
  • MIRN98 microRNA-98, rat
  • MicroRNAs
  • Retinoblastoma Protein
  • Glucose