Human Validation of Genes Associated With a Murine Atherosclerotic Phenotype

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2016 Jun;36(6):1240-6. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.115.306958. Epub 2016 Apr 14.

Abstract

Objective: The genetically modified mouse is the most commonly used animal model for studying the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic disease. We aimed to assess if mice atherosclerosis-related genes could be validated in human disease through examination of results from genome-wide association studies.

Approach and results: We performed a systematic review to identify atherosclerosis-causing genes in mice and carried out gene-based association tests of their human orthologs for an association with human coronary artery disease and human large artery ischemic stroke. Moreover, we investigated the association of these genes with human atherosclerotic plaque characteristics. In addition, we assessed the presence of tissue-specific cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci for these genes in humans. Finally, using pathway analyses we show that the putative atherosclerosis-causing genes revealed few associations with human coronary artery disease, large artery ischemic stroke, or atherosclerotic plaque characteristics, despite the fact that the majority of these genes have cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci.

Conclusions: A role for genes that has been observed in mice for atherosclerotic lesion development could scarcely be confirmed by studying associations of disease development with common human genetic variants. The value of murine atherosclerotic models for selection of therapeutic targets in human disease remains unclear.

Keywords: atherosclerosis; coronary artery disease; genome-wide association study; mice; stroke.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Computational Biology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / genetics*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / pathology
  • Databases, Genetic
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Gene Expression Profiling* / methods
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Gene Regulatory Networks
  • Genetic Markers
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genome-Wide Association Study
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / genetics*
  • Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / pathology
  • Mice
  • Phenotype
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*
  • Quantitative Trait Loci
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Species Specificity
  • Stroke / genetics*
  • Stroke / pathology

Substances

  • Genetic Markers