Evaluation of Heart Dose for Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients Over an 11-Year Period Spanning the Transition From 2-Dimensional to 3-Dimensional Planning

Clin Breast Cancer. 2016 Oct;16(5):396-401. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 May 13.

Abstract

Introduction/background: We evaluated heart dose from left breast radiotherapy with 2-dimensional (2D) versus 3-dimensional (3D) plans.

Patients and methods: Treatment plans from patients treated with standard fractionation for left breast cancer from 2003 to 2013 were reviewed, with patients grouped into 3 cohorts: 2003 to 2004 ("2D", with computed tomography scans for dose calculation but fields defined using simulation films; n = 29), 2005 to 2006 ("2D-post," after several influential articles on heart dose were published; n = 31), and 2007 to 2013 ("3D"; n = 256). All patients were treated with free-breathing technique. Heart volumes were retrospectively contoured for the earlier 2 cohorts. Mean heart dose (MHD) and percentage of structure receiving at least 25 Gy (V25 Gy) and percentage of structure receiving at least 5 Gy for the whole heart, left ventricle (LV), right ventricle (RV), and both ventricles were recorded and compared among cohorts.

Results: MHD was 345 cGy (2D), 213 cGy (2D-post) and 213 cGy (3D). LV V25 Gy was 6.3%, 1.5%, and 1.1%, respectively. Lower doses were seen over time for all indices (analysis of variance, P < .0001). Post hoc tests indicated significantly higher doses for 2D versus 2D-post or 3D cohorts (P ≤ .001) for all parameters except RV V25 Gy (P = .24).

Conclusion: Heart doses were higher with 2D versus 3D plans. Cardiac doses and resulting toxicity with modern 3D planning might be lower than those in previous reports.

Keywords: Breast cancer; Heart dose; Radiation planning; Radiotherapy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Breast / diagnostic imaging
  • Dose Fractionation, Radiation
  • Female
  • Heart / radiation effects*
  • Humans
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional
  • Radiation Injuries / prevention & control*
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / adverse effects*
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Unilateral Breast Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Unilateral Breast Neoplasms / radiotherapy*