The changing prevalence of pulmonary infection in adults with cystic fibrosis: A longitudinal analysis

J Cyst Fibros. 2017 Jan;16(1):70-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2016.07.010. Epub 2016 Aug 8.

Abstract

Background: Increased patient longevity and aggressive antibiotic treatment are thought to impact on the microbial composition of the airways of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this study, we sought to determine if a temporal change in the airway microbiology of adults with CF has occurred over time.

Methods: Longitudinal analysis of sputum microbiology results was undertaken on patients attending a large adult CF centre. Clinical status and health outcomes of transitioning patients were also assessed.

Results: A decrease in the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia cepacia complex and Aspergillus spp. (p=0.001, p<0.001, p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively) occurred. Improvements in lung function among transitioning patients infected with P. aeruginosa were observed.

Conclusion: Overtime, a decline in the prevalence of many CF airway pathogens has occurred. Significantly, an incremental improvement in lung function was reported for transitioning patients with current P. aeruginosa infections.

Keywords: Lung function; Paediatric; Prevalence; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Transition.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Australia / epidemiology
  • Burkholderia Infections* / diagnosis
  • Burkholderia Infections* / drug therapy
  • Burkholderia Infections* / epidemiology
  • Burkholderia cepacia complex / isolation & purification*
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / drug therapy
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / epidemiology
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / microbiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Prevalence
  • Pseudomonas Infections* / diagnosis
  • Pseudomonas Infections* / drug therapy
  • Pseudomonas Infections* / epidemiology
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / isolation & purification*
  • Respiratory Function Tests / methods
  • Respiratory Tract Infections* / drug therapy
  • Respiratory Tract Infections* / epidemiology
  • Respiratory Tract Infections* / microbiology
  • Sputum / microbiology
  • Staphylococcal Infections* / diagnosis
  • Staphylococcal Infections* / drug therapy
  • Staphylococcal Infections* / epidemiology
  • Staphylococcus aureus / isolation & purification*
  • Transition to Adult Care / statistics & numerical data

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents