Rates of future hemodialysis risk and beneficial outcomes for patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing recanalization of chronic total occlusion

Int J Cardiol. 2016 Nov 1:222:707-713. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.019. Epub 2016 Aug 4.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to assess the prognosis and deleterious effects of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on future renal function, in patients who had undergone chronic total occlusion-percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO-PCI).

Methods: The treatment effects were studied in 739 patients who underwent CTO-PCI. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): non-CKD (eGFR≥60ml/min/1.73m(2), n=562), CKD-1 (45≤eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m(2), n=90), and CKD-2 (eGFR<45ml/min/1.73m(2), n=87). Future hemodialysis (HD) rates and the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) except for 45 patients undergoing regular HD, and other clinical and prognostic outcomes were compared between the 3 groups.

Results: Procedural success rates showed trends toward lower prevalence across the 3 groups (89.5%, 84.4%, and 81.6%, p=0.060). The prevalence of AKI significantly differed between the 3 groups (4.6%, 8.9%, and 16.7%, p=0.001), whereas no patients were introduced to regular HD at discharge. During a median follow-up period of 51.2±28.9months, newly required HD significantly differed between the 3 groups (0.7%, 0%, and 7.1%, p<0.001). When compared with unsuccessful CTO-PCI, successful CTO-PCI was found to improve cardiovascular mortality in the non-CKD and CKD-1 (Log-rank test: p=0.025, p=0.024, respectively) and to improve both cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the CKD-2 (Log-rank test: p=0.027, p=0.0022, respectively).

Conclusions: Although CTO-PCI for patients with advanced CKD was associated with a high risk of future HD introduction, not directly owing to CTO-PCI and AKI, successful treatment of CTO might contribute to better survival benefit regardless of the presence or absence of CKD.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Chronic total occlusion; Coronary artery disease; Hemodialysis; Percutaneous coronary intervention.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Coronary Occlusion / complications
  • Coronary Occlusion / diagnosis
  • Coronary Occlusion / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention*
  • Prognosis
  • Renal Dialysis / statistics & numerical data*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / complications
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / mortality
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Time Factors