Noise Enhances Action Potential Generation in Mouse Sensory Neurons via Stochastic Resonance

PLoS One. 2016 Aug 15;11(8):e0160950. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160950. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

Noise can enhance perception of tactile and proprioceptive stimuli by stochastic resonance processes. However, the mechanisms underlying this general phenomenon remain to be characterized. Here we studied how externally applied noise influences action potential firing in mouse primary sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia, modelling a basic process in sensory perception. Since noisy mechanical stimuli may cause stochastic fluctuations in receptor potential, we examined the effects of sub-threshold depolarizing current steps with superimposed random fluctuations. We performed whole cell patch clamp recordings in cultured neurons of mouse dorsal root ganglia. Noise was added either before and during the step, or during the depolarizing step only, to focus onto the specific effects of external noise on action potential generation. In both cases, step + noise stimuli triggered significantly more action potentials than steps alone. The normalized power norm had a clear peak at intermediate noise levels, demonstrating that the phenomenon is driven by stochastic resonance. Spikes evoked in step + noise trials occur earlier and show faster rise time as compared to the occasional ones elicited by steps alone. These data suggest that external noise enhances, via stochastic resonance, the recruitment of transient voltage-gated Na channels, responsible for action potential firing in response to rapid step-wise depolarizing currents.

MeSH terms

  • Action Potentials*
  • Animals
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Noise*
  • Sensory Receptor Cells / cytology*
  • Stochastic Processes

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Ministero Istruzione Università Ricerca grant n. 2010R8JK2X_003 (www.miur.it) to FG; ASI, Telethon (GGP14066), and Fondazione Roma grants to AM. NeuroMed (Pozzilli, Italy) provided support in the form of ancillary salary for CL, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of this author are articulated in the 'author contributions' section.