Stool specimens spiked with a panel of 46 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and 59 non-carbapenemase producers were used to compare the diagnostic accuracy of 4 testing algorithms for the detection of intestinal carriage of CPE: (1) culture on Brilliance ESBL agar followed by the Carba NP test; (2) Brilliance ESBL followed by the Carba NP test, plus chromID OXA-48 agar with no Carba NP test; (3) chromID CARBA agar followed by the Carba NP test; (4) chromID CARBA followed by the Carba NP test, plus chromID OXA-48 with no Carba NP test. All algorithms were 100% specific. When comparing algorithms (1) and (3), Brilliance ESBL agar followed by the Carba NP test was significantly more sensitive than the equivalent chromID CARBA algorithm at the lower of 2 inoculum strengths tested (84.8% versus 63.0%, respectively [P<0.02]). With the addition of chromID OXA-48 agar, the sensitivity of these algorithms was marginally increased.
Keywords: Carba NP test; Carbapenemase; Enterobacteriaceae; OXA-48; Sensitivity; Specificity.
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