Anticipated Transfusion Requirements and Mortality in Patients with Orthopedic and Solid Organ Injuries

Am Surg. 2016 Oct;82(10):936-939.

Abstract

Long bone fractures are cited as an etiology for significant blood loss; however, there is scant supporting literature. We examined the relationship between long bone fractures, blood transfusions, and solid organ injuries. We hypothesize that transfusions are rare with long bone fractures in the absence of a liver or splenic injury. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients admitted with femur, tibia, and humerus fractures. Outcomes included transfusion requirements and mortality. A total of 1837 patients were included. There were 182 patients with at least one solid organ injury. A greater portion of patients with femur fractures and a lower proportion of patients with tibia fractures required transfusion. Adjusting for solid organ injuries, there was no difference in transfusions for any patient with these fractures compared with the group, or when grouped by organ injury severity. A solid organ injury significantly increases the risk of death among patients with long bone fractures. Blood loss requiring transfusion in patients with orthopedic and solid organ injuries should not be attributed to the presence of fractures alone. The need for transfusions in these patients should lower the threshold for reimaging or intervention for the solid organ injury. Further study is warranted to quantify blood loss by fracture type with or without solid organ.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Loss, Surgical*
  • Blood Transfusion / statistics & numerical data*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Confidence Intervals
  • Female
  • Femoral Fractures / surgery
  • Fracture Fixation / adverse effects
  • Fracture Fixation / methods*
  • Fractures, Bone / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Humeral Fractures / surgery
  • Liver / injuries
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Trauma / diagnosis
  • Multiple Trauma / mortality
  • Multiple Trauma / surgery*
  • Odds Ratio
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Spleen / injuries
  • Tibial Fractures / surgery
  • Trauma Centers
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wounds and Injuries / diagnosis
  • Wounds and Injuries / mortality
  • Wounds and Injuries / therapy