Impact of renal function impairment assessed by CKDEPI estimated glomerular filtration rate on early and late outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting

Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jan 15:227:778-787. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.059. Epub 2016 Oct 24.

Abstract

Background: We explore the association between short- and long- term adverse outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the degree of preoperative renal dysfunction classified on glomerular fraction estimated with Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration equation (eGFRCKD-EPI). We also try to identify cut-off values of eGFRCKD-EPI able to predict post-CABG unfavorable events and assess whether a reclassification with new thresholds is necessary.

Methods: One-thousand-one-hundred-eighty-six consecutive patients undergoing CABG between 2005 and 2014 were categorized in 4 groups according to the eGFRCKD-EPI: Group 1 (≥60ml/min/1.73m2; n=1199), Group 2 (45-59ml/min/1.73m2; n=358), Group 3 (30-44ml/min/1.73m2; n=171) and Group 4 (≤29ml/min/1.73m2; n=126). Median follow-up was 66months [IQR 46-84].

Results: eGFRCKD-EPI ≤30ml/min/1.73m2, ≤41ml/min/1.73m2, ≤27ml/min/1.73m2 and ≤29ml/min/1.73m2 were strong predictors of early mortality (OR 5.88 [95% CI 2.59-11.25]), stroke (2.59 [1.43-3.71]), prolonged length of stay (3.49 [1.24-5.92]) and postoperative dialysis (3.68 [1.34-4.91]), respectively. In addition, eGFRCKD-EPI ≤26ml/min/1.73m2, ≤25ml/min/1.73m2, ≤35ml/min/1.73m2 and ≤29ml/min/1.73m2 predicted all-cause death (hazard ratio 2.74 [95% CI 2.10-3.92] cardiovascular death (sub-hazard ratio 2.11 [95% CI 1.42-3.90]), myocardial infarction (2.01 [1.32-3.70]) and heart failure (2.24 [1.41-3.93]), respectively. Analyses corrected by age and left ventricular ejection fraction confirmed these findings.

Conclusions: In our experience, the use of the eGFRCKD-EPI equation led to categorization with a significantly lower number of patients at risk for post-CABG complications. This might have important clinical repercussions on allocation of healthcare resources and more targeted prevention and management of CABG complications.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Coronary artery bypass; Glomerular filtration; Renal function.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cohort Studies
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / trends*
  • Epidemiologic Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Kidney / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Renal Insufficiency / epidemiology
  • Renal Insufficiency / physiopathology
  • Renal Insufficiency / surgery
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / epidemiology
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / physiopathology*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / surgery*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome