The hypertension drug, verapamil, activates Nrf2 by promoting p62-dependent autophagic Keap1 degradation and prevents acetaminophen-induced cytotoxicity

BMB Rep. 2017 Feb;50(2):91-96. doi: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.2.188.

Abstract

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) provides a cellular defense against oxidative stress by inducing the expression of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. The calcium antagonist, verapamil, is an FDA-approved drug prescribed for the treatment of hypertension. Here, we show that verapamil acts as a potent Nrf2 activator without causing cytotoxicity, through degradation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), a Nrf2 repressor. Furthermore, verapamilinduced Keap1 degradation is prominently mediated by a p62-dependent autophagic pathway. Correspondingly, verapamil protects cells from acetaminophen-induced oxidative damage through Nrf2 activation. These results demonstrated the underlying mechanisms for the protective role of verapamil against acetaminophen-induced cytotoxicity. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(2): 91-96].

MeSH terms

  • Acetaminophen / toxicity*
  • Animals
  • Antihypertensive Agents / pharmacology*
  • Autophagy / drug effects
  • Autophagy / genetics
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cytoprotection* / drug effects
  • Cytoprotection* / genetics
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 / genetics
  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / genetics
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / metabolism*
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / genetics
  • Proteolysis / drug effects
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Verapamil / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • KEAP1 protein, human
  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Acetaminophen
  • Verapamil