Clinical features and short-term outcomes of cancer patients with suspected and unsuspected pulmonary embolism: the EPIPHANY study

Eur Respir J. 2017 Jan 4;49(1):1600282. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00282-2016. Print 2017 Jan.

Abstract

The study aimed to identify predictors of overall 30-day mortality in cancer patients with pulmonary embolism including suspected pulmonary embolism (SPE) and unsuspected pulmonary embolism (UPE) events. Secondary outcomes included 30- and 90-day major bleeding and venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence.The study cohort included 1033 consecutive patients with pulmonary embolism from the multicentre observational ambispective EPIPHANY study (March 2006-October 2014). A subgroup of 497 patients prospectively assessed for the study were subclassified into three work-up scenarios (SPE, truly asymptomatic UPE and UPE with symptoms) to assess outcomes.The overall 30-day mortality rate was 14%. The following variables were associated with the overall 30-day mortality on multivariate analysis: VTE history, upper gastrointestinal cancers, metastatic disease, cancer progression, performance status, arterial hypotension <100 mmHg, heart rate >110 beats·min-1, basal oxygen saturation <90% and SPE (versus overall UPE).The overall 30-day mortality was significantly lower in patients with truly asymptomatic UPE events (3%) compared with those with UPE-S (20%) and SPE (21%) (p<0.0001). Thirty- and 90-day VTE recurrence and major bleeding rates were similar in all the groups.In conclusion, variables associated with the severity of cancer and pulmonary embolism were associated with short-term mortality. Our findings may help to develop pulmonary embolism risk-assessment models in this setting.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neoplasms / complications*
  • Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Pulmonary Embolism / diagnostic imaging*
  • Pulmonary Embolism / epidemiology*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Time Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Venous Thromboembolism / diagnostic imaging*
  • Venous Thromboembolism / epidemiology*
  • Young Adult