Increased semaphorin 3c expression promotes tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway

Cancer Lett. 2017 Jul 1:397:12-22. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.03.014. Epub 2017 Mar 14.

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by neural alterations and aberrant expression of neural-specific factors. Semaphorins have been recognized as key contributors in axon guidance, the immune response and tumor progression. Recent studies have suggested the involvement of Semaphorin 3c (sema3c) in tumorigenesis and metastasis in numerous types of cancer, however, the clinical significance of sema3c and its role in the growth and metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain unclear. In this study, we found that aberrant sema3c expression was positively associated with a particular tumor stage and correlated with poor survival of PDAC patients. Knockdown of sema3c attenuated proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a pancreatic cancer cell line and reduced PDAC cell tumorigenesis upon xenotransplantation into NOD/SCID mice. Overexpression of sema3c produced the opposite effects and promoted the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway. Overall, our findings demonstrate that aberrant expression of sema3c is correlated with poor prognosis of PDAC patients and promotes tumor growth and metastasis by activating ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

Keywords: EMT; ERK1/2; Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; Sema3c.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / enzymology*
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / secondary
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement*
  • Cell Proliferation*
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
  • Female
  • Humans
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System*
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred NOD
  • Mice, SCID
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / metabolism*
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / metabolism*
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / enzymology*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • RNA Interference
  • Semaphorins / genetics
  • Semaphorins / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Time Factors
  • Transfection
  • Tumor Burden

Substances

  • Sema3C protein, human
  • Semaphorins
  • MAPK1 protein, human
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3