Nutrition in peri-operative esophageal cancer management

Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Jul;11(7):663-672. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1325320. Epub 2017 May 10.

Abstract

Nutritional status and dietary intake are increasingly recognized as essential areas in esophageal cancer management. Nutritional management of esophageal cancer is a continuously evolving field and comprises an interesting area for scientific research. Areas covered: This review encompasses the current literature on nutrition in the pre-operative, peri-operative, and post-operative phases of esophageal cancer. Both established interventions and potential novel targets for nutritional management are discussed. Expert commentary: To ensure an optimal pre-operative status and to reduce peri-operative complications, it is key to assess nutritional status in all pre-operative esophageal cancer patients and to apply nutritional interventions accordingly. Since esophagectomy results in a permanent anatomical change, a special focus on nutritional strategies is needed in the post-operative phase, including early initiation of enteral feeding, nutritional interventions for post-operative complications, and attention to long-term nutritional intake and status. Nutritional aspects of pre-optimization and peri-operative management should be incorporated in novel Enhanced Recovery After Surgery programs for esophageal cancer.

Keywords: Esophageal cancer; nutrition; peri-operative management; pre-optimization; weight loss.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Esophageal Neoplasms / complications
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Esophagectomy / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Malnutrition / diagnosis
  • Malnutrition / etiology
  • Malnutrition / therapy*
  • Nutrition Assessment
  • Nutritional Status
  • Nutritional Support*
  • Perioperative Care*
  • Preoperative Care*