Impact of granulocyte contamination on PBMC integrity of shipped blood samples: Implications for multi-center studies monitoring regulatory T cells

J Immunol Methods. 2017 Oct:449:23-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Jun 16.

Abstract

In centralized immune monitoring for a multi-center allergen immunotherapy trial, we observed frequent loss of CD4+ T cell integrity following staining of cultured PBMCs with our regulatory T cell flow cytometry panel. Samples were marked by a loss of total cellular events, altered scatter properties, and reduced CD3+CD4+ events. This occurred only in samples that were stained with Foxp3 and were therefore treated with Foxp3 fixation-permeabilization buffer. We identified granulocyte contamination in samples associated with a loss of integrity, and went on to test the impact of granulocyte depletion on day-old blood samples. Granulocyte depletion prevented loss of cell integrity and CD3+CD4+ events, and reduced variability in detection of Foxp3+ cells. Addition of purified neutrophils back to PBMCs altered scatter properties and detection of CD4+ T cells. Implementation of a granulocyte depletion step in our standard operating protocols has reduced assay failure due to loss of sample integrity from 31% to 0%. Routine incorporation of a granulocyte depletion step during PBMC isolation is recommended prior to downstream immune monitoring in blood with next-day processing.

MeSH terms

  • Blood Cells / cytology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology*
  • Cell Survival
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / analysis
  • Granulocytes / cytology*
  • Humans
  • Leukocytes, Mononuclear / pathology
  • Leukocytes, Mononuclear / physiology*
  • Multicenter Studies as Topic
  • Specimen Handling / methods
  • Staining and Labeling
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / cytology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology*

Substances

  • FOXP3 protein, human
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors