Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Inhibits the Apoptosis of Cerebral Microvascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Oxygen Glucose Deprivation via Targeting the JNK/c-Jun and mTOR Signaling Pathways

Mol Cells. 2017 Nov 30;40(11):837-846. doi: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0084. Epub 2017 Oct 27.

Abstract

As a component of the neurovascular unit, cerebral smooth muscle cells (CSMCs) are an important mediator in the development of cerebral vascular diseases such as stroke. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are the products of arachidonic acid catalyzed by cytochrome P450 epoxygenase. EETs are shown to exert neuroprotective effects. In this article, the role of EET in the growth and apoptosis of CSMCs and the underlying mechanisms under oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions were addressed. The viability of CMSCs was decreased significantly in the OGD group, while different subtypes of EETs, especially 14,15-EET, could increase the viability of CSMCs under OGD conditions. RAPA (serine/threonine kinase Mammalian Target of Rapamycin), a specific mTOR inhibitor, could elevate the level of oxygen free radicals in CSMCs as well as the anti-apoptotic effects of 14,15-EET under OGD conditions. However, SP600125, a specific JNK (c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase) pathway inhibitor, could attenuate oxygen free radicals levels in CSMCs as well as the anti-apoptotic effects of 14,15-EET under OGD conditions. These results strongly suggest that EETs exert protective functions during the growth and apoptosis of CSMCs, via the JNK/c-Jun and mTOR signaling pathways in vitro. We are the first to disclose the beneficial roles and underlying mechanism of 14,15-EET in CSMC under OGD conditions.

Keywords: JNK/c-Jun pathway; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury; epoxyeicosatrienoic acids; mTOR pathway.

MeSH terms

  • 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Anthracenes / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Hypoxia
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cerebral Cortex / blood supply*
  • Cerebral Cortex / drug effects
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Glucose / metabolism*
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 4 / metabolism
  • Male
  • Microvessels / cytology*
  • Microvessels / drug effects
  • Microvessels / metabolism
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / cytology
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / drug effects
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / metabolism
  • Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • Anthracenes
  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun
  • pyrazolanthrone
  • mTOR protein, rat
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 4
  • 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid
  • Glucose