Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer, and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Although important advances have been made in the last decade, the mortality rate of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has not changed appreciably. This review summarizes a rapidly emerging model of pancreatic cancer research, focusing on 3-dimensional organoids as a powerful tool for several applications, but above all, representing a step toward personalized medicine.
Keywords: 3D Organoids; 3D, 3-dimensional; Adenocarcinoma; GEMMs, genetically engineered mouse models; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PDX, patient-derived tumor xenografts; PanIN, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia; Pancreas; Personalized Medicine.