Five-year trends in adenoviral conjunctivitis in employees of one medical center

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2018 Sep;39(9):1080-1085. doi: 10.1017/ice.2018.145. Epub 2018 Jun 28.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the 5-year findings after a policy to screen for, diagnose, and isolate medical center employees with adenoviral conjunctivitis was implemented.

Design: Observational report with a retrospective evaluation of a current quality improvement initiative.

Setting: Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.ParticipantsJohns Hopkins Medicine employees.

Methods: Data were retrieved from records maintained for this initiative, in which employees with suspected adenoviral conjunctivitis were evaluated in the Occupational Health Clinic and swabbed for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for adenoviral conjunctivitis. Signs, symptoms, work area, diagnoses, and disposition of employees with eye complaints as well as PCR result and adenoviral type were recorded. Five-year data were reviewed.

Results: From 2011 to 2016, of 10,000 full-time equivalent employees, 1,059 employees visited the Occupational Health Clinic with suspicion of adenoviral conjunctivitis. Of these, 104 (10%) were PCR positive for adenovirus. Of these PCR-positive employees, 26 (25%) had the worst clinical presentation, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). The Outpatient Pharmacy had the highest number of adenoviral conjunctivitis cases (n=9). The proportion of red-eye employees having PCR-positive adenoviral conjunctivitis increased over 5 years (P<.005, Cochrane-Armitage test for trend) as did the proportion of employees with EKC (P<.05). The proportion of employees with EKC caused by type 37 also increased (P<.05).

Conclusions: Adenoviral conjunctivitis represents 10% of employee cases clinically suspected of this infection. Employees in patient-care areas should be screened even if they have no direct patient contact. Despite increases in the proportions of adenoviral conjunctivitis and of EKC over 5 years, no outbreaks occurred. This policy helps identify incipient EKC outbreaks and guides infection control efforts.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenovirus Infections, Human / epidemiology*
  • Adenoviruses, Human / genetics
  • Adenoviruses, Human / isolation & purification
  • Baltimore / epidemiology
  • Conjunctivitis, Viral / epidemiology*
  • Conjunctivitis, Viral / transmission
  • Cross Infection / epidemiology*
  • Cross Infection / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Infection Control / methods
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / prevention & control
  • Keratoconjunctivitis / epidemiology*
  • Keratoconjunctivitis / virology
  • Medical Staff, Hospital / statistics & numerical data*
  • Medical Staff, Hospital / trends
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Retrospective Studies