The safety and tolerability of aripiprazole once-monthly as maintenance treatment for bipolar I disorder: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal study

J Affect Disord. 2018 Dec 1:241:425-432. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.043. Epub 2018 Jul 6.

Abstract

Background: Aripiprazole once-monthly 400 mg (AOM 400), an atypical long-acting injectable antipsychotic, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder (BP-I). We further assess safety and tolerability and characterize adverse events (AEs) across the duration of aripiprazole exposure.

Methods: Patients with BP-I were stabilized on oral aripiprazole (2-8 weeks), AOM 400 (12-28 weeks), followed by 1:1 randomization of patients meeting stability criteria to a 52-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled withdrawal phase. Treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs) were collected across study phases. AEs were counted in a phase if they were drug-related and continued from the baseline of that phase. A separate analysis on new-onset akathisia was conducted.

Results: Among TEAEs occurring in ≥10% of patients during all study phases were akathisia (23.3%) and weight increased (10.6%). Median time to akathisia onset was 20 days after starting oral aripiprazole; median duration was 29 days for the first occurrence; 21/168 patients (12.5%) reporting akathisia experienced >1 episode. Episodes of new-onset akathisia decreased over time, with few events reported in the randomized phase. Weight gain was minimal with oral aripiprazole, generally starting within 3 months after the first AOM 400 injection, and appearing to plateau at 36 weeks. The mean weight gain within any study phase was ≤1.0 kg. Potentially clinically significant changes in metabolic parameters were uncommon.

Limitations: Patients on placebo had AOM 400 exposure before randomization.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that AEs with AOM 400 treatment were time-limited and support AOM 400 as a well-tolerated maintenance treatment of BP-I.

Keywords: Aripiprazole once-monthly; Bipolar I disorder; Long-acting injectable antipsychotic; Maintenance therapy.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antipsychotic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antipsychotic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Aripiprazole / adverse effects
  • Aripiprazole / therapeutic use*
  • Bipolar Disorder / drug therapy*
  • Bipolar Disorder / physiopathology
  • Conduct Disorder
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Maintenance Chemotherapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Psychomotor Agitation / physiopathology
  • Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / physiopathology
  • Weight Gain
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • Aripiprazole