Protein-coding variants implicate novel genes related to lipid homeostasis contributing to body-fat distribution

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
• ² Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA.
• ³ Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
• ⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus.
• ⁵ Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
• ⁶ Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
• ⁷ The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
• ⁸ The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
• ⁹ Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• ¹⁰ Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
• ¹¹ Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ¹² Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹³ Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹⁴ Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
• ¹⁵ Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
• ¹⁶ William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
• ¹⁷ Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
• ¹⁸ Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ¹⁹ McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
• ²⁰ Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
• ²¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
• ²² Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
• ²³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
• ²⁴ Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
• ²⁵ Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
• ²⁶ Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
• ²⁷ NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.
• ²⁸ Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
• ²⁹ Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ³⁰ Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ³¹ MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK.
• ³² Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
• ³³ Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
• ³⁴ School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ³⁵ School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Canada.
• ³⁶ Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
• ³⁷ INSERM U1167, Lille, France.
• ³⁸ Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, France.
• ³⁹ U1167-RID-AGE, Universite de Lille - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, Lille, France.
• ⁴⁰ INSERM U1018, Centre de recherche en Épidemiologie et Sante des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France.
• ⁴¹ Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
• ⁴² Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
• ⁴³ Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.
• ⁴⁴ Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ⁴⁵ IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
• ⁴⁶ Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
• ⁴⁷ Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.
• ⁴⁸ Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
• ⁴⁹ Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
• ⁵⁰ The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ⁵¹ Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
• ⁵² Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.
• ⁵³ Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
• ⁵⁴ Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
• ⁵⁵ MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
• ⁵⁶ NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
• ⁵⁷ NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
• ⁵⁸ Research Centre on Public Health, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
• ⁵⁹ Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
• ⁶⁰ Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK.
• ⁶¹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
• ⁶² Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
• ⁶³ MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
• ⁶⁴ Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁶⁵ Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁶⁶ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁶⁷ Medical department, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.
• ⁶⁸ Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
• ⁶⁹ Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
• ⁷⁰ Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.
• ⁷¹ Department of Biomedical Infomatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
• ⁷² Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
• ⁷³ British Heart Foundation Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
• ⁷⁴ Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
• ⁷⁵ Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
• ⁷⁶ Faculty of Pharmacy, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• ⁷⁷ Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
• ⁷⁸ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
• ⁷⁹ Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
• ⁸⁰ Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
• ⁸¹ Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
• ⁸² DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
• ⁸³ Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.
• ⁸⁴ MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
• ⁸⁵ Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.
• ⁸⁶ Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• ⁸⁷ Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
• ⁸⁸ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
• ⁸⁹ Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece.
• ⁹⁰ CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy.
• ⁹¹ Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
• ⁹² Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, France.
• ⁹³ Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
• ⁹⁴ Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden.
• ⁹⁵ Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁹⁶ Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
• ⁹⁷ Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
• ⁹⁸ Ilaria Gandin, Research Unit, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy.
• ⁹⁹ Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
• ¹⁰⁰ Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
• ¹⁰¹ Geriatrics, Department of Public Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
• ¹⁰² German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹⁰³ Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹⁰⁴ Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹⁰⁵ Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
• ¹⁰⁶ Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA.
• ¹⁰⁷ University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
• ¹⁰⁸ MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
• ¹⁰⁹ Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹¹⁰ K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
• ¹¹¹ CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
• ¹¹² Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.
• ¹¹³ School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
• ¹¹⁴ HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway.
• ¹¹⁵ Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
• ¹¹⁶ Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
• ¹¹⁷ Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
• ¹¹⁸ Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
• ¹¹⁹ Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
• ¹²⁰ Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ¹²¹ Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark.
• ¹²² National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
• ¹²³ Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ¹²⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ¹²⁵ Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ¹²⁶ Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
• ¹²⁷ Echinos Medical Centre, Echinos, Greece.
• ¹²⁸ Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
• ¹²⁹ Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK.
• ¹³⁰ UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
• ¹³¹ Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
• ¹³² National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK.
• ¹³³ University Medical Centre Mannheim, 5th Medical Department, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
• ¹³⁴ Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
• ¹³⁵ Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.
• ¹³⁶ Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
• ¹³⁷ Verge Genomics, San Fransico, CA, USA.
• ¹³⁸ Division of Biomedical and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
• ¹³⁹ Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
• ¹⁴⁰ Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
• ¹⁴¹ Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines.
• ¹⁴² USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines.
• ¹⁴³ Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
• ¹⁴⁴ Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
• ¹⁴⁵ Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
• ¹⁴⁶ Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
• ¹⁴⁷ Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
• ¹⁴⁸ Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
• ¹⁴⁹ Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
• ¹⁵⁰ Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
• ¹⁵¹ Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ¹⁵² Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹⁵³ Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
• ¹⁵⁴ QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
• ¹⁵⁵ Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
• ¹⁵⁶ NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
• ¹⁵⁷ Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.
• ¹⁵⁸ Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
• ¹⁵⁹ Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
• ¹⁶⁰ Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
• ¹⁶¹ Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
• ¹⁶² Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munich, Germany.
• ¹⁶³ DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
• ¹⁶⁴ Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
• ¹⁶⁵ Division of Obstetric and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
• ¹⁶⁶ School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
• ¹⁶⁷ Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM) and Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
• ¹⁶⁸ Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ¹⁶⁹ School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
• ¹⁷⁰ Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
• ¹⁷¹ Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
• ¹⁷² Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
• ¹⁷³ Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
• ¹⁷⁴ Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
• ¹⁷⁵ Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹⁷⁶ Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
• ¹⁷⁷ Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹⁷⁸ Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
• ¹⁷⁹ Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy.
• ¹⁸⁰ Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
• ¹⁸¹ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
• ¹⁸² Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
• ¹⁸³ Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
• ¹⁸⁴ Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
• ¹⁸⁵ OmicSoft a QIAGEN Company, Cary, NC, USA.
• ¹⁸⁶ Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
• ¹⁸⁷ Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
• ¹⁸⁸ Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
• ¹⁸⁹ deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
• ¹⁹⁰ Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
• ¹⁹¹ Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany.
• ¹⁹² Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
• ¹⁹³ Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
• ¹⁹⁴ Center for Pediatric Research, Department for Women's and Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
• ¹⁹⁵ USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
• ¹⁹⁶ Anogia Medical Centre, Anogia, Greece.
• ¹⁹⁷ Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, Austria.
• ¹⁹⁸ Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.
• ¹⁹⁹ Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
• ²⁰⁰ Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
• ²⁰¹ Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
• ²⁰² University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
• ²⁰³ Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
• ²⁰⁴ Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
• ²⁰⁵ Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA.
• ²⁰⁶ Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
• ²⁰⁷ Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
• ²⁰⁸ Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
• ²⁰⁹ Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA.
• ²¹⁰ Departments of Epidemiology & Medicine, Diabetes Translational Research Center, Fairbanks School of Public Health & School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indiana, IN, USA.
• ²¹¹ Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
• ²¹² Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ²¹³ Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
• ²¹⁴ GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA.
• ²¹⁵ University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
• ²¹⁶ Department of Clinical Sciences, Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
• ²¹⁷ Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
• ²¹⁸ Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
• ²¹⁹ Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• ²²⁰ The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
• ²²¹ Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. [email protected].
• ²²² Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [email protected].
• ²²³ Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [email protected].