Clinical efficacy of open-irrigated electrode cooled with half-normal saline for initially failed radiofrequency ablation of idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2019 Sep;30(9):1508-1516. doi: 10.1111/jce.14057. Epub 2019 Jul 18.

Abstract

Background: Acute failure of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) occur in 10%-20% of patients and is partly attributed to inadequate lesion depth acquired with standard ablation protocols. Half-normal saline (HNS)-irrigation is a promising strategy to improve the success rate of VA ablation.

Objective: This study investigated the efficacy of HNS-irrigated ablation after a failed standard plain normal saline solution (PNSS)-irrigated ablation on idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmia (OT-VA).

Method: This is a prospective observational study of consecutive patients undergoing RFA of idiopathic OT-VA comparing the efficacy of additional HNS-irrigated ablation for failed standard PNSS-irrigated ablation. Acute failure was defined as persistence of spontaneous VA or persistent inducibility of the clinical VA.

Results: Out of 160 OT-VA cases (51 ± 15-year-old, 62 males), 31 underwent HNS irrigation after a failed standard PNSS-irrigated ablation. The HNS group had a significantly longer procedure time (60.06 ± 43.83 vs 37.51 ± 33.40 minutes; P = .013) and higher radiation exposure (31.45 ± 20.24 vs 17.22 ± 15.25 minutes; P = .001) than the PNSS group but provided an additional acute success in 21 of 31 (67.7%) patients. Over a follow-up duration of 7.8 ± 4.6 months, 24 recurrences were identified, including 8 (25.8%) in the HNS and 16 (12.4%) in the PNSS group, with lower freedom from recurrence in the HNS group (log rank P = .009). No major complication was observed.

Conclusion: HNS-irrigated ablation after failed standard PNSS-irrigated ablation is safe and additionally improves acute ablation success by 67.7% for idiopathic OT-VA but with a higher rate of recurrence on follow-up. Whether the application of HNS as initial irrigant could result in better outcome requires further investigation.

Keywords: half-normal saline; irrigated catheter ablation; outflow tract ventricular arrhythmia; ventricular arrhythmia ablation.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / diagnosis
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / physiopathology
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / surgery*
  • Cardiac Catheters*
  • Catheter Ablation / adverse effects
  • Catheter Ablation / instrumentation*
  • Equipment Design
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Operative Time
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiation Exposure
  • Recurrence
  • Reoperation
  • Risk Factors
  • Saline Solution / administration & dosage*
  • Saline Solution / adverse effects
  • Therapeutic Irrigation / adverse effects
  • Therapeutic Irrigation / instrumentation*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Failure

Substances

  • Saline Solution