Conformationally Restricted Monosaccharide-Cored Glycoside Amphiphiles: The Effect of Detergent Headgroup Variation on Membrane Protein Stability

ACS Chem Biol. 2019 Aug 16;14(8):1717-1726. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00166. Epub 2019 Jul 29.

Abstract

Detergents are widely used to isolate membrane proteins from lipid bilayers, but many proteins solubilized in conventional detergents are structurally unstable. Thus, there is major interest in the development of novel amphiphiles to facilitate membrane protein research. In this study, we have designed and synthesized novel amphiphiles with a rigid scyllo-inositol core, designated scyllo-inositol glycosides (SIGs). Varying the headgroup structure allowed the preparation of three sets of SIGs that were evaluated for their effects on membrane protein stability. When tested with a few model membrane proteins, representative SIGs conferred enhanced stability to the membrane proteins compared to a gold standard conventional detergent (DDM). Of the novel amphiphiles, a SIG designated STM-12 was most effective at preserving the stability of the multiple membrane proteins tested here. In addition, a comparative study of the three sets suggests that several factors, including micelle size and alkyl chain length, need to be considered in the development of novel detergents for membrane protein research. Thus, this study not only describes new detergent tools that are potentially useful for membrane protein structural study but also introduces plausible correlations between the chemical properties of detergents and membrane protein stabilization efficacy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aquifex
  • Bacteria / chemistry
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism*
  • Detergents / chemical synthesis
  • Detergents / chemistry*
  • Glycosides / chemical synthesis
  • Glycosides / chemistry*
  • Inositol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Inositol / chemistry*
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Protein Stability
  • Rhodobacter capsulatus / chemistry
  • Salmonella typhimurium / enzymology

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Detergents
  • Glycosides
  • Membrane Proteins
  • scyllitol
  • Inositol

Supplementary concepts

  • Aquifex aeolicus