Posttraumatic growth in breast cancer survivors: Are depressive symptoms really negative predictors?

Psychol Trauma. 2020 Mar;12(3):244-250. doi: 10.1037/tra0000508. Epub 2019 Sep 2.

Abstract

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) diagnosis is a potentially traumatic event, the related challenges of which can trigger positive or negative reactions. Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is defined as a positive psychological change experienced as a result of the struggle. The present study aimed to shed light on the relationship between the evolution of depressive symptoms over time and PTG in a group of BC survivors.

Method: Depressive symptoms at the time of diagnosis (T0) and 2 years later (T1) were evaluated to investigate their potential impact on the level of PTG at T1. A total of 147 BC patients were recruited and divided into 4 groups according to the changes in depressive symptoms they experienced over time (patients who were never depressed, no longer depressed, still depressed, and depressed now). A One-way analysis of variance was run to compare the levels of PTG for the four groups.

Results: The One-way analysis of variance showed that PTG score was significantly different among groups with different levels of depressive symptoms (p = .008). Post hoc comparisons indicated that the PTG score was statistically significantly higher in the no longer depressed group compared with the still depressed and depressed now groups.

Conclusions: The current results suggest that high levels of depressive symptoms, displayed at the time of cancer diagnosis, can be considered catalysts for PTG at follow-up, on condition that women experience elevated depressive symptoms only in the first period of the disease. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Breast Neoplasms / psychology*
  • Cancer Survivors / psychology*
  • Depression / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological*