Trends in pediatric epilepsy surgery in Europe between 2008 and 2015: Country-, center-, and age-specific variation

Epilepsia. 2020 Feb;61(2):216-227. doi: 10.1111/epi.16414. Epub 2019 Dec 26.

Abstract

Objective: To profile European trends in pediatric epilepsy surgery (<16 years of age) between 2008 and 2015.

Methods: We collected information on volumes and types of surgery, pathology, and seizure outcome from 20 recognized epilepsy surgery reference centers in 10 European countries.

Results: We analyzed retrospective aggregate data on 1859 operations. The proportion of surgeries significantly increased over time (P < .0001). Engel class I outcome was achieved in 69.3% of children, with no significant improvement between 2008 and 2015. The proportion of histopathological findings consistent with glial scars significantly increased between the ages of 7 and 16 years (P for trend = .0033), whereas that of the remaining pathologies did not vary across ages. A significant increase in unilobar extratemporal surgeries (P for trend = .0047) and a significant decrease in unilobar temporal surgeries (P for trend = .0030) were observed between 2008 and 2015. Conversely, the proportion of multilobar surgeries and unrevealing magnetic resonance imaging cases remained unchanged. Invasive investigations significantly increased, especially stereo-electroencephalography. We found different trends comparing centers starting their activity in the 1990s to those whose programs were developed in the past decade. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant variability of the proportion of the different pathologies and surgical approaches across countries, centers, and age groups between 2008 and 2015.

Significance: Between 2008 and 2015, we observed a significant increase in the volume of pediatric epilepsy surgeries, stability in the proportion of Engel class I outcomes, and a modest increment in complexity of the procedures.

Keywords: children; epilepsy surgery; histopathology; outcome; survey.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Electroencephalography
  • Epilepsy / epidemiology
  • Epilepsy / pathology
  • Epilepsy / surgery*
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Neurosurgery / statistics & numerical data
  • Neurosurgery / trends*
  • Neurosurgical Procedures / statistics & numerical data
  • Neurosurgical Procedures / trends*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Seizures / epidemiology
  • Temporal Lobe / diagnostic imaging
  • Temporal Lobe / surgery
  • Treatment Outcome