Early discharge after free-tissue transfer does not increase adverse events

Am J Otolaryngol. 2020 Mar-Apr;41(2):102374. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.102374. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Abstract

Introduction: Demonstrate that carefully selected free flap patients may be discharged early after surgery without increasing the rates of postoperative complications or readmissions.

Methods: Based on a published article in Laryngoscope 2016 of 51 free-tissue transfers, a retrospective chart review was performed on an expanded cohort who underwent free-tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction between February 2010 and May 2018 and discharged by postoperative day 3.

Results: 101 patients who underwent 104 free flaps with average age of 56 (3-84) years old were reviewed. Free flap indications included orbital and maxillary defects (n = 22), palatal defects (n = 16), nasal and septal defects (n = 16), cranioplasty and scalp defects (n = 16), mandibular defects due to osteoradionecrosis (n = 14), facial contouring and parotid defects (n = 12), and complex postsurgical and radiotherapy wounds or fistula closure (n = 8). Free flaps performed were anterolateral thigh (n = 97), radial forearm (n = 2), serratus (n = 2), latissimus (n = 1), fibula (n = 1) and supraclavicular (n = 1). The recipient vessels used via minimal access approaches were facial (n = 43), superficial temporal (n = 29), angular (n = 20) and others. There were 3 flap failures (2.9%) recognized in follow-up. No flap failures or perioperative complications were associated with early discharge. There were only 2 patients readmitted and 1 watched in observation within 30 days postoperatively.

Conclusion: An updated review of our institutional experience with more than double the cohort size substantiates previous conclusions that early discharge after free-tissue transfer is a safe option in select patients. Moreover, earlier discharge is a critical management choice that reduces cost and decreases hospital-related adverse events.

Keywords: Free-tissue transfer; Length of stay; Perforator free flaps; Reconstructive surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Head / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Laryngoscopy / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neck / surgery*
  • Patient Discharge*
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surgical Flaps / transplantation*
  • Time Factors
  • Young Adult