Voriconazole resistance genes in Aspergillus flavus clinical isolates

J Mycol Med. 2020 Jun;30(2):100953. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.100953. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

Abstract

Objective: The present study was designed to discover novel biomarkers involved in voriconazole resistance in clinical isolates of Aspergillus flavus.

Materials and methods: Two voriconazole non-wild-type and two voriconazole-wild-type A. flavus clinical isolates were selected to evaluate possible molecular mechanism involved in A. flavus resistance to voriconazole using the mutation assessment, Quantitative real- time PCR of cyp51A and cyp51C genes and complementary DNA- amplified fragment length polymorphism technique.

Results: No mutations were seen in the cyp51A and cyp51C genes in voriconazole non-wild-type isolates compared to wild- type and reference strains. Regarding to mRNA expression results, no changes were observed in expression fold of cyp51A and cyp51C mRNA expression level in first non- wild- type isolate compared to wild-type isolate. For second isolate cyp51C mRNA expression level was down regulated (5.6 fold). The set of genes including ABC fatty acid transporter XM- 002375835 and aldehydereductase XM- 002376518 and three unknown functional genes were identified. Based on results, the over-expression of AKR1 and ABC fatty acid transporter in the voriconazole non- wild- type isolates suggests these genes could represent a novel molecular marker linked to the voriconazole resistance in A. flavus.

Conclusion: The results obtained in this study showed a novel finding as the authors identified AKR1 and ABC fatty acid transporter genes as possible voriconazole target genes in Iranian clinical isolates of A. flavus.

Keywords: Aspergillus flavus; Molecular markers; Resistance gene; Voriconazole.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis
  • Antifungal Agents / therapeutic use
  • Aspergillosis / drug therapy
  • Aspergillosis / genetics
  • Aspergillosis / microbiology*
  • Aspergillus flavus / drug effects
  • Aspergillus flavus / genetics*
  • Aspergillus flavus / isolation & purification
  • Biomarkers / analysis
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / genetics
  • DNA Mutational Analysis / methods
  • Drug Resistance, Fungal / genetics*
  • Fungal Proteins / genetics*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Mycological Typing Techniques
  • Point Mutation
  • Sterol 14-Demethylase / genetics
  • Voriconazole / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Biomarkers
  • Fungal Proteins
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
  • cytochrome P-450 CYP51A, Aspergillus
  • Sterol 14-Demethylase
  • Voriconazole