Depression restricts visual capture and promotes the perception of negative information

Biol Psychol. 2020 Jul:154:107923. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107923. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Abstract

Emotional deficits in major depressive disorder lead to changes in the distribution of attention in the visual field. We investigate the impact of unpleasant and neutral pictures, presented in central (0°) and peripheral vision (12°; 24°), in 15 depression patients (DP) and 15 matched healthy controls (HC). Heart rate, skin conductance responses (SCRs) and electroencephalogram (EEG) were recorded. A spatiotemporal principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the EEG, and ANCOVAs controlling for participants' state- and trait-anxiety and patients' medication were performed to assess the effects of visual eccentricity and emotion. Unlike HC, DP showed for CV stimulation 1/ greater sensitivity with a response bias toward unpleasant pictures, 2/ larger SCRs, especially to unpleasant pictures, and 3/ deeper cardiac deceleration. Furthermore, eccentricity and emotion modulated cerebral components. Finally, results bring a new vista on visual capture of negative information and support methods to enlarge the attentional span of depressed patients.

Keywords: Attention; ERPs; Emotion; Heart rate; Major depressive disorder; Skin conductance.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anxiety
  • Attention*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Depression / physiopathology*
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / physiopathology*
  • Emotions
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Photic Stimulation
  • Visual Fields
  • Visual Perception*