Virtual screening of approved drugs as potential SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors

Comput Biol Chem. 2020 Oct:88:107325. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107325. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Abstract

The global emergency caused by COVID-19 makes the discovery of drugs capable of inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 a priority, to reduce the mortality and morbidity of this disease. Repurposing approved drugs can provide therapeutic alternatives that promise rapid and ample coverage because they have a documented safety record, as well as infrastructure for large-scale production. The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) is an excellent therapeutic target because it is critical for viral replication; however, Mpro has a highly flexible active site that must be considered when performing computer-assisted drug discovery. In this work, potential inhibitors of the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-Cov-2 were identified through a docking-assisted virtual screening procedure. A total of 4384 drugs, all approved for human use, were screened against three conformers of Mpro. The ligands were further studied through molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy analysis. A total of nine currently approved molecules are proposed as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2. These molecules can be further tested to speed the development of therapeutics against COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; Docking; Molecular dynamics simulation; Mpro; SARS-CoV-2.

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / chemistry
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
  • Betacoronavirus / drug effects
  • Betacoronavirus / enzymology*
  • COVID-19
  • Coronavirus 3C Proteases
  • Coronavirus Infections / drug therapy*
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases / chemistry
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases / metabolism
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical*
  • Drug Repositioning*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation
  • Pandemics
  • Pneumonia, Viral / drug therapy*
  • Protease Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Protease Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Protein Conformation
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / chemistry
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases
  • Coronavirus 3C Proteases