Management of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in Older Patients

Curr Oncol Rep. 2020 Jul 28;22(10):103. doi: 10.1007/s11912-020-00964-1.

Abstract

Purpose of review: The acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment landscape has rapidly evolved over the past few years. These changes have several implications for the care of older adults (≥ 60 years), who have inferior clinical outcomes. We review decision-making in older adults, focusing on patient- and disease-related factors. We then summarize current treatment options, including multiple recently approved therapies, based on hypothetical clinical scenarios.

Recent findings: In lieu of using chronological age to determine fitness, we highlight the importance of standardized fitness assessments using geriatric assessments. Next, we review intensive and lower-intensity treatment options in the upfront setting. We focus on multiple newly approved medications, including venetoclax, midostaurin, CPX-351, gemtuzumab, glasdegib, enasidenib, and ivosidenib, and their specific indications. Lastly, we briefly discuss supportive care of older adults with AML. Outcomes of older adults with AML remain poor; fortunately, there are many new promising treatment options. Personalized treatment plans based on patient- and disease-specific factors are essential to the care of older adults with AML.

Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Geriatric hematology; Older adults; Treatment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Clinical Decision-Making
  • Geriatric Assessment*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / therapy
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents