Systems biology approaches to study lipidomes in health and disease

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2021 Feb;1866(2):158857. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158857. Epub 2020 Dec 2.

Abstract

Lipids have many important biological roles, such as energy storage sources, structural components of plasma membranes and as intermediates in metabolic and signaling pathways. Lipid metabolism is under tight homeostatic control, exhibiting spatial and dynamic complexity at multiple levels. Consequently, lipid-related disturbances play important roles in the pathogenesis of most of the common diseases. Lipidomics, defined as the study of lipidomes in biological systems, has emerged as a rapidly-growing field. Due to the chemical and functional diversity of lipids, the application of a systems biology approach is essential if one is to address lipid functionality at different physiological levels. In parallel with analytical advances to measure lipids in biological matrices, the field of computational lipidomics has been rapidly advancing, enabling modeling of lipidomes in their pathway, spatial and dynamic contexts. This review focuses on recent progress in systems biology approaches to study lipids in health and disease, with specific emphasis on methodological advances and biomedical applications.

Keywords: Disease biomarkers; Genome-scale metabolic modeling; Lipidomics; Metabolomics; Systems biology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomedical Research / methods*
  • Biomedical Research / trends
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / therapy
  • Humans
  • Lipid Metabolism / drug effects
  • Lipid Metabolism / physiology*
  • Lipidomics / methods*
  • Lipidomics / trends
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / diagnosis
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / metabolism
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / therapy
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / diagnosis
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / metabolism
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / therapy
  • Obesity / diagnosis
  • Obesity / metabolism
  • Obesity / therapy
  • Psychotic Disorders / diagnosis
  • Psychotic Disorders / metabolism
  • Psychotic Disorders / therapy
  • Systems Biology / methods*
  • Systems Biology / trends