Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of thioether-containing lenalidomide and pomalidomide derivatives with anti-multiple myeloma activity

Eur J Med Chem. 2021 Jan 1:209:112912. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112912. Epub 2020 Oct 10.

Abstract

Lenalidomide and its analogs are well-known for treating multiple myeloma. In this work, designed sulfide-modified lenalidomide and pomalidomide were synthesized and evaluated. The anti-proliferative activity against MM.1S cell line of 3ak (IC50 = 79 nM) was similar to lenalidomide (IC50 = 81 nM). Compared to benzylic thioether substituted lenalidomide 3a, the half-live (T1/2) of 4-F-phenyl-thioether analogs 3ak in human liver microsomes was promoted from 3 min to 416.7 min. The corresponding metabolic factor of 3ak was increased from 2.8% to 79.5%, which was slightly lower than lenalidomide (91.5%). Moreover, the IKZF1 degradation of 3y and 3ak was well related with corresponding IC50 values, which suggested the IKZF1 degradation efficiency is correlated to the responses of MM1. S cells. Furthermore, the oral administration of compounds 3y and 3ak at dosages of 60 mg/kg could delay tumor growth in female CB-17 SCID mice. This research helped to prompt the stability of thioether lenalidomide analogs, which paved the way for developing better molecules for treating multiple myeloma.

Keywords: Late-stage sulfuration; Lenalidomide; MM.1S; Multiple myeloma.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Drug Design*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Factors / pharmacology
  • Immunologic Factors / therapeutic use
  • Lenalidomide / chemical synthesis
  • Lenalidomide / chemistry*
  • Lenalidomide / pharmacology*
  • Lenalidomide / therapeutic use
  • Mice
  • Mice, SCID
  • Multiple Myeloma / drug therapy*
  • Sulfides / chemistry
  • Thalidomide / analogs & derivatives*
  • Thalidomide / chemical synthesis
  • Thalidomide / chemistry
  • Thalidomide / pharmacology
  • Thalidomide / therapeutic use
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Immunologic Factors
  • Sulfides
  • Thalidomide
  • pomalidomide
  • Lenalidomide