Can Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Antibodies Help Achieve an ART-Free Remission?

Front Immunol. 2021 Jul 12:12:710044. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.710044. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein are being assessed in clinical trials as strategies for HIV-1 prevention, treatment, and antiretroviral-free remission. BnAbs can neutralize HIV-1 and target infected cells for elimination. Concerns about HIV-1 resistance to single bnAbs have led to studies of bnAb combinations with non-overlapping resistance profiles. This review focuses on the potential for bnAbs to induce HIV-1 remission, either alone or in combination with latency reversing agents, therapeutic vaccines or other novel therapeutics. Key topics include preliminary activity of bnAbs in preclinical models and in human studies of HIV-1 remission, clinical trial designs, and antibody design strategies to optimize pharmacokinetics, coverage of rebound-competent virus, and enhancement of cellular immune functions.

Keywords: HIV cure; HIV immunotherapy; HIV remission; HIV therapeutics; broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibody.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Retroviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies / immunology*
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • HIV Antibodies / immunology*
  • HIV Infections / therapy*
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • Humans
  • Vaccination
  • Virus Replication

Substances

  • Anti-Retroviral Agents
  • Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
  • HIV Antibodies