The origins of SARS-CoV-2: A critical review

Affiliations

• ¹ Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ² Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
• ³ Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
• ⁴ MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
• ⁵ Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
• ⁶ Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
• ⁷ Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
• ⁸ Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK.
• ⁹ Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
• ¹⁰ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
• ¹¹ The Wellcome Trust, London NW1 2BE, UK.
• ¹² Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington 5022, New Zealand.
• ¹³ Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU), Suzhou, China.
• ¹⁴ Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77807, USA.
• ¹⁵ Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK.
• ¹⁶ Max Perutz Labs, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/3, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
• ¹⁷ Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
• ¹⁸ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
• ¹⁹ Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
• ²⁰ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Zalgen Labs, Germantown, MD 20876, USA.
• ²¹ Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK. Electronic address: [email protected].