Bone-derived sclerostin and Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulate PDGFRα+ adipoprogenitor cell differentiation

FASEB J. 2021 Nov;35(11):e21957. doi: 10.1096/fj.202100691R.

Abstract

The Wnt signaling antagonist, sclerostin, is a potent suppressor of bone acquisition that also mediates endocrine communication between bone and adipose. As a result, Sost-/- mice exhibit dramatic increases in bone formation but marked decreases in visceral and subcutaneous adipose that are secondary to alterations in lipid synthesis and utilization. While interrogating the mechanism by which sclerostin influences adipocyte metabolism, we observed paradoxical increases in the adipogenic potential and numbers of CD45- :Sca1+ :PDGFRα+ adipoprogenitors in the stromal vascular compartment of fat pads isolated from male Sost-/- mice. Lineage tracing studies indicated that sclerostin deficiency blocks the differentiation of PDGFRα+ adipoprogenitors to mature adipocytes in association with increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Importantly, osteoblast/osteocyte-specific Sost gene deletion mirrors the accumulation of PDGFRα+ adipoprogenitors, reduction in fat mass, and improved glucose metabolism evident in Sost-/- mice. These data indicate that bone-derived sclerostin regulates multiple facets of adipocyte physiology ranging from progenitor cell commitment to anabolic metabolism.

Keywords: PDGFRα; Wnt; adipoprogenitor; adipose; bone; sclerostin; β-catenin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / genetics
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism*
  • Adipocytes / metabolism*
  • Adipogenesis / genetics*
  • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Bone and Bones / metabolism*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Gene Knockout Techniques / methods
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Osteoblasts / metabolism
  • Osteocytes / metabolism
  • Osteogenesis / genetics
  • Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha / metabolism*
  • Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Wnt Proteins / metabolism*
  • Wnt Signaling Pathway / genetics*
  • beta Catenin / metabolism*

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Blood Glucose
  • Sost protein, mouse
  • Wnt Proteins
  • beta Catenin
  • Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha