Clinical outcomes in high-hypoglycaemia-risk patients with type 2 diabetes switching to insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus a first-generation basal insulin analogue in the United States : Results from the DELIVER High Risk real-world study

Aims: To compare 12-month clinical effectiveness of insulin glargine 300 units/mL (Gla-300) versus first-generation basal insulin analogues (BIAs) (insulin glargine 100 units/mL [Gla-100] or insulin detemir [IDet]) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were at high risk of hypoglycaemia and switched from one BIA to a different one (Gla-300 or Gla-100/IDet) in a real-world setting.

Methods: DELIVER High Risk was a retrospective observational cohort study of 2550 patients with T2D who switched BIA to Gla-300 (Gla-300 switchers) and were propensity score-matched (1:1) to patients who switched to Gla-100 or IDet (Gla-100/IDet switchers). Outcomes were change in glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), attainment of HbA1c goals (<7% and <8%), and incidence and event rates of hypoglycaemia (all-hypoglycaemia and hypoglycaemia associated with an inpatient/emergency department [ED] contact).

Results: HbA1c reductions were similar following switching to Gla-300 or Gla-100/IDet (-0.51% vs. -0.53%; p = .67), and patients showed similar attainment of HbA1c goals. Patients in both cohorts had comparable all-hypoglycaemia incidence and event rates. However, the Gla-300 switcher cohort had a significantly lower risk of inpatient/ED-associated hypoglycaemia (adjusted odds ratio: 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.60-0.89; p = .002) and experienced significantly fewer inpatient/ED-associated hypoglycaemic events (0.21 vs. 0.33 events per patient per year; p < .001).

Conclusion: In patients with T2D at high risk of hypoglycaemia, switching to Gla-300 or Gla-100/IDet achieved similar HbA1c reductions and glycaemic goal attainment, but Gla-300 switchers had a significantly lower risk of hypoglycaemia associated with an inpatient/ED contact during 12 months after switching.