Complete mitochondrial genome of the branching octocoral Paramuricea grayi (Johnson, 1861), phylogenetic relationships and divergence analysis

Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. 2022 Nov 15;7(11):1985-1988. doi: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2143246. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

The Gray's sea fan, Paramuricea grayi (Johnson, 1861), typically inhabits deep littoral and circalittoral habitats of the eastern temperate and tropical Atlantic Ocean. Along the Iberian Peninsula, where P. grayi is a dominant constituent of circalittoral coral gardens, two segregating lineages (yellow and purple morphotypes) were recently identified using single-copy nuclear orthologues. The mitochondrial genomes of 9 P. grayi individuals covering both color morphotypes were assembled from RNA-seq data, using samples collected at three sites in southern (Sagres and Tavira) and western (Cape Espichel) Portugal. The complete circular mitogenome is 18,668 bp in length, has an A + T-rich base composition (62.5%) and contains the 17 genes typically found in Octocorallia: 14 protein-coding genes (atp6, atp8, cob, cox1-3, mt-mutS, nad1-6, and nad4L), the small and large subunit rRNAs (rns and rnl), and one transfer RNA (trnM). The mitogenomes were nearly identical for all specimens, though we identified a noteworthy polymorphism (two SNPs 9 bp apart) in the mt-mutS of one purple individual that is shared with the sister species P. clavata. The mitogenomes of the two species have a pairwise sequence identity of 99.0%, with nad6 and mt-mutS having the highest rates of non-synonymous substitutions.

Keywords: Gray’s sea fan; Octocorallia; RNA-seq; gorgonian; mitogenome.

Grants and funding

This work was funded by program BIOMARES, a Pew Marine Fellowship, and FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology [UIDB/04326/2020, UIDP/04326/2020, LA/P/0101/2020, PTDC/BIA-CBI/6515/2020]; EU-BiodivERsA BiodivRestore-253 [FCT: DivRestore/0013/2020]; and the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [MERCES: Grant no. 689518]. M.C. was supported by postdoctoral fellowships of projects HABMAR [Grant No. MAR-01.04.02-FEAMP-0018] co-financed by the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund of the Operational Program MAR 2020 for Portugal (Portugal 2020), and BiodivAMP [Grant no. FA_06_2017_045] financed by the Directorate-General for Sea Policy of the Ministry of Economy and Sea for Portugal under the Operational Program Fundo Azul.