Amniotic band syndrome leading to severe malformations of the newborn: a case report at Tu Du Hospital, Vietnam, and literature review

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) refers to fibrous bands that appear to entangle various fetal parts in utero, leading to deformation, malformation, or disruption. To alleviate implementation of this diverse malformation, an early diagnosis on ultrasound is necessary to explain to the patient, thus, avoiding psychological shock and requiring timely intervention.

Case presentation: In the present case report, the authors describe a case of ABS that was diagnosed at the time of delivery at full term. Although the male newborn was alive, the infant underwent the distal deformity of amputated limbs and clubfoot. He has currently been followed up for the reconstruction treatment.

Clinical discussion: ABS remains a challenging diagnosis for obstetricians following the onset timepoint. A prenatal ultrasound scan is carefully required to detect the morphologic abnormalities of the fetus. Postnatal management should be integrated by a multidisciplinary team in order to improve the infant's outcome.

Conclusion: ABS is an extremely dangerous entity during pregnancy, which leads to poor outcomes for the infant. An early detection on ultrasound helps in preparing better for the acceptance of the mother and the family as well as the prognosis afterwards.