Measurements of the Elliptic and Triangular Azimuthal Anisotropies in Central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au and p+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV

M I Abdulhamid; B E Aboona; J Adam; J R Adams; G Agakishiev; I Aggarwal; M M Aggarwal; Z Ahammed; A Aitbaev; I Alekseev; D M Anderson; A Aparin; S Aslam; J Atchison; G S Averichev; V Bairathi; W Baker; J G Ball Cap; K Barish; P Bhagat; A Bhasin; S Bhatta; I G Bordyuzhin; J D Brandenburg; A V Brandin; X Z Cai; H Caines; M Calderón de la Barca Sánchez; D Cebra; J Ceska; I Chakaberia; B K Chan; Z Chang; A Chatterjee; D Chen; J Chen; J H Chen; Z Chen; J Cheng; Y Cheng; S Choudhury; W Christie; X Chu; H J Crawford; G Dale-Gau; A Das; M Daugherity; T G Dedovich; I M Deppner; A A Derevschikov; A Dhamija; L Di Carlo; L Didenko; P Dixit; X Dong; J L Drachenberg; E Duckworth; J C Dunlop; J Engelage; G Eppley; S Esumi; O Evdokimov; A Ewigleben; O Eyser; R Fatemi; S Fazio; C J Feng; Y Feng; E Finch; Y Fisyak; F A Flor; C Fu; F Geurts; N Ghimire; A Gibson; K Gopal; X Gou; D Grosnick; A Gupta; A Hamed; Y Han; M D Harasty; J W Harris; H Harrison-Smith; W He; X H He; Y He; C Hu; Q Hu; Y Hu; H Huang; H Z Huang; S L Huang; T Huang; X Huang; Y Huang; Y Huang; T J Humanic; D Isenhower; M Isshiki; W W Jacobs; A Jalotra; C Jena; Y Ji; J Jia; C Jin; X Ju; E G Judd; S Kabana; M L Kabir; D Kalinkin; K Kang; D Kapukchyan; K Kauder; H W Ke; D Keane; A Kechechyan; M Kelsey; B Kimelman; A Kiselev; A G Knospe; H S Ko; L Kochenda; A A Korobitsin; P Kravtsov; L Kumar; S Kumar; R Kunnawalkam Elayavalli; R Lacey; J M Landgraf; A Lebedev; R Lednicky; J H Lee; Y H Leung; N Lewis; C Li; W Li; X Li; Y Li; Y Li; Z Li; X Liang; Y Liang; T Lin; C Liu; F Liu; G Liu; H Liu; H Liu; L Liu; T Liu; X Liu; Y Liu; Z Liu; T Ljubicic; W J Llope; O Lomicky; R S Longacre; E M Loyd; T Lu; N S Lukow; X F Luo; V B Luong; L Ma; R Ma; Y G Ma; N Magdy; D Mallick; S Margetis; H S Matis; J A Mazer; G McNamara; K Mi; N G Minaev; B Mohanty; M M Mondal; I Mooney; D A Morozov; A Mudrokh; M I Nagy; A S Nain; J D Nam; Md Nasim; D Neff; J M Nelson; D B Nemes; M Nie; G Nigmatkulov; T Niida; R Nishitani; L V Nogach; T Nonaka; G Odyniec; A Ogawa; S Oh; V A Okorokov; K Okubo; B S Page; R Pak; J Pan; A Pandav; A K Pandey; Y Panebratsev; T Pani; P Parfenov; A Paul; C Perkins; B R Pokhrel; M Posik; T Protzman; N K Pruthi; J Putschke; Z Qin; H Qiu; A Quintero; C Racz; S K Radhakrishnan; N Raha; R L Ray; H G Ritter; C W Robertson; O V Rogachevsky; M A Rosales Aguilar; D Roy; L Ruan; A K Sahoo; N R Sahoo; H Sako; S Salur; E Samigullin; S Sato; W B Schmidke; N Schmitz; J Seger; R Seto; P Seyboth; N Shah; E Shahaliev; P V Shanmuganathan; T Shao; M Sharma; N Sharma; R Sharma; S R Sharma; A I Sheikh; D Y Shen; K Shen; S S Shi; Y Shi; Q Y Shou; F Si; J Singh; S Singha; P Sinha; M J Skoby; Y Söhngen; Y Song; B Srivastava; T D S Stanislaus; D J Stewart; M Strikhanov; B Stringfellow; Y Su; C Sun; X Sun; Y Sun; Y Sun; B Surrow; D N Svirida; Z W Sweger; A Tamis; A H Tang; Z Tang; A Taranenko; T Tarnowsky; J H Thomas; D Tlusty; T Todoroki; M V Tokarev; C A Tomkiel; S Trentalange; R E Tribble; P Tribedy; O D Tsai; C Y Tsang; Z Tu; T Ullrich; D G Underwood; I Upsal; G Van Buren; A N Vasiliev; V Verkest; F Videbæk; S Vokal; S A Voloshin; F Wang; G Wang; J S Wang; X Wang; Y Wang; Y Wang; Y Wang; Z Wang; J C Webb; P C Weidenkaff; G D Westfall; H Wieman; G Wilks; S W Wissink; J Wu; J Wu; X Wu; Y Wu; B Xi; Z G Xiao; G Xie; W Xie; H Xu; N Xu; Q H Xu; Y Xu; Y Xu; Z Xu; Z Xu; G Yan; Z Yan; C Yang; Q Yang; S Yang; Y Yang; Z Ye; Z Ye; L Yi; K Yip; Y Yu; W Zha; C Zhang; D Zhang; J Zhang; S Zhang; W Zhang; X Zhang; Y Zhang; Y Zhang; Y Zhang; Z J Zhang; Z Zhang; Z Zhang; F Zhao; J Zhao; M Zhao; C Zhou; J Zhou; S Zhou; Y Zhou; X Zhu; M Zurek; M Zyzak; STAR Collaboration

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.242301

Measurements of the Elliptic and Triangular Azimuthal Anisotropies in Central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au and p+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV

Phys Rev Lett. 2023 Jun 16;130(24):242301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.242301.

Authors

M I Abdulhamid¹, B E Aboona², J Adam³, J R Adams⁴, G Agakishiev⁵, I Aggarwal⁶, M M Aggarwal⁶, Z Ahammed⁷, A Aitbaev⁵, I Alekseev^{8

9}, D M Anderson², A Aparin⁵, S Aslam¹⁰, J Atchison¹¹, G S Averichev⁵, V Bairathi¹², W Baker¹³, J G Ball Cap¹⁴, K Barish¹³, P Bhagat¹⁵, A Bhasin¹⁵, S Bhatta¹⁶, I G Bordyuzhin⁸, J D Brandenburg⁴, A V Brandin⁹, X Z Cai¹⁷, H Caines¹⁸, M Calderón de la Barca Sánchez¹⁹, D Cebra¹⁹, J Ceska³, I Chakaberia²⁰, B K Chan²¹, Z Chang²², A Chatterjee²³, D Chen¹³, J Chen²⁴, J H Chen²⁵, Z Chen²⁴, J Cheng²⁶, Y Cheng²¹, S Choudhury²⁵, W Christie²⁷, X Chu²⁷, H J Crawford²⁸, G Dale-Gau²⁹, A Das³, M Daugherity¹¹, T G Dedovich⁵, I M Deppner³⁰, A A Derevschikov³¹, A Dhamija⁶, L Di Carlo³², L Didenko²⁷, P Dixit³³, X Dong²⁰, J L Drachenberg¹¹, E Duckworth³⁴, J C Dunlop²⁷, J Engelage²⁸, G Eppley³⁵, S Esumi³⁶, O Evdokimov²⁹, A Ewigleben³⁷, O Eyser²⁷, R Fatemi³⁸, S Fazio³⁹, C J Feng⁴⁰, Y Feng⁴¹, E Finch⁴², Y Fisyak²⁷, F A Flor¹⁸, C Fu⁴³, F Geurts³⁵, N Ghimire⁴⁴, A Gibson⁴⁵, K Gopal⁴⁶, X Gou²⁴, D Grosnick⁴⁵, A Gupta¹⁵, A Hamed¹, Y Han³⁵, M D Harasty¹⁹, J W Harris¹⁸, H Harrison-Smith³⁸, W He²⁵, X H He⁴⁷, Y He²⁴, C Hu⁴⁷, Q Hu⁴⁷, Y Hu²⁰, H Huang⁴⁰, H Z Huang²¹, S L Huang¹⁶, T Huang²⁹, X Huang²⁶, Y Huang²⁶, Y Huang⁴³, T J Humanic⁴, D Isenhower¹¹, M Isshiki³⁶, W W Jacobs²², A Jalotra¹⁵, C Jena⁴⁶, Y Ji²⁰, J Jia^{27

16}, C Jin³⁵, X Ju⁴⁸, E G Judd²⁸, S Kabana¹², M L Kabir¹³, D Kalinkin³⁸, K Kang²⁶, D Kapukchyan¹³, K Kauder²⁷, H W Ke²⁷, D Keane³⁴, A Kechechyan⁵, M Kelsey³², B Kimelman¹⁹, A Kiselev²⁷, A G Knospe³⁷, H S Ko²⁰, L Kochenda⁹, A A Korobitsin⁵, P Kravtsov⁹, L Kumar⁶, S Kumar⁴⁷, R Kunnawalkam Elayavalli¹⁸, R Lacey¹⁶, J M Landgraf²⁷, A Lebedev²⁷, R Lednicky⁵, J H Lee²⁷, Y H Leung³⁰, N Lewis²⁷, C Li²⁴, W Li³⁵, X Li⁴⁸, Y Li⁴⁸, Y Li²⁶, Z Li⁴⁸, X Liang¹³, Y Liang³⁴, T Lin²⁴, C Liu⁴⁷, F Liu⁴³, G Liu⁴⁹, H Liu²², H Liu⁴³, L Liu⁴³, T Liu¹⁸, X Liu⁴, Y Liu², Z Liu⁴³, T Ljubicic²⁷, W J Llope³², O Lomicky³, R S Longacre²⁷, E M Loyd¹³, T Lu⁴⁷, N S Lukow⁴⁴, X F Luo⁴³, V B Luong⁵, L Ma²⁵, R Ma²⁷, Y G Ma²⁵, N Magdy¹⁶, D Mallick⁵⁰, S Margetis³⁴, H S Matis²⁰, J A Mazer⁵¹, G McNamara³², K Mi⁴³, N G Minaev³¹, B Mohanty⁵⁰, M M Mondal⁵⁰, I Mooney¹⁸, D A Morozov³¹, A Mudrokh⁵, M I Nagy⁵², A S Nain⁶, J D Nam⁴⁴, Md Nasim³³, D Neff²¹, J M Nelson²⁸, D B Nemes¹⁸, M Nie²⁴, G Nigmatkulov⁹, T Niida³⁶, R Nishitani³⁶, L V Nogach³¹, T Nonaka³⁶, G Odyniec²⁰, A Ogawa²⁷, S Oh⁵³, V A Okorokov⁹, K Okubo³⁶, B S Page²⁷, R Pak²⁷, J Pan², A Pandav⁵⁰, A K Pandey⁴⁷, Y Panebratsev⁵, T Pani⁵¹, P Parfenov⁹, A Paul¹³, C Perkins²⁸, B R Pokhrel⁴⁴, M Posik⁴⁴, T Protzman³⁷, N K Pruthi⁶, J Putschke³², Z Qin²⁶, H Qiu⁴⁷, A Quintero⁴⁴, C Racz¹³, S K Radhakrishnan³⁴, N Raha³², R L Ray⁵⁴, H G Ritter²⁰, C W Robertson⁴¹, O V Rogachevsky⁵, M A Rosales Aguilar³⁸, D Roy⁵¹, L Ruan²⁷, A K Sahoo³³, N R Sahoo²⁴, H Sako³⁶, S Salur⁵¹, E Samigullin⁸, S Sato³⁶, W B Schmidke²⁷, N Schmitz⁵⁵, J Seger⁵⁶, R Seto¹³, P Seyboth⁵⁵, N Shah¹⁰, E Shahaliev⁵, P V Shanmuganathan²⁷, T Shao²⁵, M Sharma¹⁵, N Sharma³³, R Sharma⁴⁶, S R Sharma⁴⁶, A I Sheikh³⁴, D Y Shen²⁵, K Shen⁴⁸, S S Shi⁴³, Y Shi²⁴, Q Y Shou²⁵, F Si⁴⁸, J Singh⁶, S Singha⁴⁷, P Sinha⁴⁶, M J Skoby^{57

41}, Y Söhngen³⁰, Y Song¹⁸, B Srivastava⁴¹, T D S Stanislaus⁴⁵, D J Stewart³², M Strikhanov⁹, B Stringfellow⁴¹, Y Su⁴⁸, C Sun¹⁶, X Sun⁴⁷, Y Sun⁴⁸, Y Sun⁵⁸, B Surrow⁴⁴, D N Svirida⁸, Z W Sweger¹⁹, A Tamis¹⁸, A H Tang²⁷, Z Tang⁴⁸, A Taranenko⁹, T Tarnowsky⁵⁹, J H Thomas²⁰, D Tlusty⁵⁶, T Todoroki³⁶, M V Tokarev⁵, C A Tomkiel³⁷, S Trentalange²¹, R E Tribble², P Tribedy²⁷, O D Tsai^{27

21}, C Y Tsang^{27

34}, Z Tu²⁷, T Ullrich²⁷, D G Underwood^{60

45}, I Upsal³⁵, G Van Buren²⁷, A N Vasiliev^{9

31}, V Verkest³², F Videbæk²⁷, S Vokal⁵, S A Voloshin³², F Wang⁴¹, G Wang²¹, J S Wang⁵⁸, X Wang²⁴, Y Wang⁴⁸, Y Wang⁴³, Y Wang²⁶, Z Wang²⁴, J C Webb²⁷, P C Weidenkaff³⁰, G D Westfall⁵⁹, H Wieman²⁰, G Wilks²⁹, S W Wissink²², J Wu⁴³, J Wu⁴⁷, X Wu²¹, Y Wu¹³, B Xi¹⁷, Z G Xiao²⁶, G Xie⁶¹, W Xie⁴¹, H Xu⁵⁸, N Xu²⁰, Q H Xu²⁴, Y Xu²⁴, Y Xu⁴³, Z Xu²⁷, Z Xu²¹, G Yan²⁴, Z Yan¹⁶, C Yang²⁴, Q Yang²⁴, S Yang⁴⁹, Y Yang⁴⁰, Z Ye³⁵, Z Ye²⁹, L Yi²⁴, K Yip²⁷, Y Yu²⁴, W Zha⁴⁸, C Zhang¹⁶, D Zhang⁴³, J Zhang²⁴, S Zhang⁴⁸, W Zhang⁴⁹, X Zhang⁴⁷, Y Zhang⁴⁷, Y Zhang⁴⁸, Y Zhang⁴³, Z J Zhang⁴⁰, Z Zhang²⁷, Z Zhang²⁹, F Zhao⁴⁷, J Zhao²⁵, M Zhao²⁷, C Zhou²⁵, J Zhou⁴⁸, S Zhou⁴³, Y Zhou⁴³, X Zhu²⁶, M Zurek^{60

27}, M Zyzak⁶²; STAR Collaboration

Affiliations

¹ American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt.
² Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
³ Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic.
⁴ The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
⁵ Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980.
⁶ Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
⁷ Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India.
⁸ Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218.
⁹ National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409.
¹⁰ Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India.
¹¹ Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699.
¹² Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile.
¹³ University of California, Riverside, California 92521.
¹⁴ University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204.
¹⁵ University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India.
¹⁶ State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794.
¹⁷ Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800.
¹⁸ Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520.
¹⁹ University of California, Davis, California 95616.
²⁰ Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.
²¹ University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095.
²² Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408.
²³ National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur - 713209, India.
²⁴ Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237.
²⁵ Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433.
²⁶ Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084.
²⁷ Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.
²⁸ University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.
²⁹ University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607.
³⁰ University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
³¹ NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281.
³² Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201.
³³ Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India.
³⁴ Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242.
³⁵ Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251.
³⁶ University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
³⁷ Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015.
³⁸ University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055.
³⁹ University of Calabria & INFN-Cosenza, Rende 87036, Italy.
⁴⁰ National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101.
⁴¹ Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
⁴² Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515.
⁴³ Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079.
⁴⁴ Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122.
⁴⁵ Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383.
⁴⁶ Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India.
⁴⁷ Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000.
⁴⁸ University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026.
⁴⁹ South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631.
⁵⁰ National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India.
⁵¹ Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.
⁵² ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117.
⁵³ Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
⁵⁴ University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712.
⁵⁵ Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany.
⁵⁶ Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178.
⁵⁷ Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, 47306.
⁵⁸ Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000.
⁵⁹ Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824.
⁶⁰ Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.
⁶¹ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408.
⁶² Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany.

PMID: 37390421
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.242301

Abstract

The elliptic (v_{2}) and triangular (v_{3}) azimuthal anisotropy coefficients in central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au, and p+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV are measured as a function of transverse momentum (p_{T}) at midrapidity (|η|<0.9), via the azimuthal angular correlation between two particles both at |η|<0.9. While the v_{2}(p_{T}) values depend on the colliding systems, the v_{3}(p_{T}) values are system independent within the uncertainties, suggesting an influence on eccentricity from subnucleonic fluctuations in these small-sized systems. These results also provide stringent constraints for the hydrodynamic modeling of these systems.