Four-Dimensional Flow MR Imaging: Technique and Advances

Oliver Wieben; Grant S Roberts; Philip A Corrado; Kevin M Johnson; Alejandro Roldán-Alzate

doi:10.1016/j.mric.2023.05.003

Four-Dimensional Flow MR Imaging: Technique and Advances

Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2023 Aug;31(3):433-449. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.05.003.

Authors

Oliver Wieben¹, Grant S Roberts², Philip A Corrado³, Kevin M Johnson⁴, Alejandro Roldán-Alzate⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Suite 1127, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Suite 1127, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA.
³ Accuray Incorporated, 1414 Raleigh Road, Suite 330, DurhamChapel Hill, NC 27517, USA.
⁴ Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 1133, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 1133, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA.
⁵ Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Room: 3035, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.

PMID: 37414470
DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.05.003

Abstract

4D Flow MRI is an advanced imaging technique for comprehensive non-invasive assessment of the cardiovascular system. The capture of the blood velocity vector field throughout the cardiac cycle enables measures of flow, pulse wave velocity, kinetic energy, wall shear stress, and more. Advances in hardware, MRI data acquisition and reconstruction methodology allow for clinically feasible scan times. The availability of 4D Flow analysis packages allows for more widespread use in research and the clinic and will facilitate much needed multi-center, multi-vendor studies in order to establish consistency across scanner platforms and to enable larger scale studies to demonstrate clinical value.

Keywords: 4D flow MR imaging; Accelerated imaging; Cine MR imaging; Flow quantification; Hemodynamic analysis; Hemodynamic validation; Phase-contrast MR imaging.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Blood Flow Velocity
Heart
Humans
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Magnetic Resonance Imaging* / methods
Pulse Wave Analysis*