miRNAs orchestration of gallbladder cancer - Particular emphasis on diagnosis, progression and drug resistance

Pathol Res Pract. 2023 Aug:248:154684. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154684. Epub 2023 Jul 13.

Abstract

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is characterized by a highly invasive nature and a poor prognosis, with adenocarcinoma being the main histological subtype. According to statistical data, patients diagnosed with advanced GBC have a survival rate of less than 5% for 5 years. Despite the novel therapeutic techniques, the unsatisfactory results could be related to the underlying biology of tumor cells and resistance to chemotherapy. Early diagnosis is more important than clinical therapy as it assists in determining the pathological stage of cancer and facilitates the selection of appropriate medication. Hence, it is very important to understand the precise pathogenesis of GBC and to discover potential novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of GBC. Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have been found to influence the transcriptional regulation of target genes associated with cancer, either directly or indirectly. microRNAs are a group of small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that are expressed endogenously. miRNAs play significant roles in various fundamental cellular processes. Therefore, miRNAs have the potential to serve as valuable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GBC.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Drug resistance; GBC; Gall bladder cancer; MiRNA; Prognosis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma in Situ*
  • Drug Resistance
  • Gallbladder Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Gallbladder Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Gallbladder Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs* / genetics
  • Prognosis

Substances

  • MicroRNAs