Regional Differences in Uptake of Vaccination against COVID-19 and Influenza in Germany: Results from the DigiHero Cohort

Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Oct 26;11(11):1640. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11111640.

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, vaccination uptake exhibited considerable regional disparities. To assess the factors contributing to this variation, we examined the association of sociodemographic variables with COVID-19, COVID-19 booster, and influenza vaccination status within a cohort of 37,078 participants from 13 German federal states in the digital health cohort study commonly known as DigiHero. Our findings revealed variations in vaccination rates based on sociodemographic factors. However, these factors had limited explanatory power regarding regional differences in vaccine uptake. In contrast, we found substantial correlations between regional support of specific parties during the last local elections and the vaccination uptake at the level of each administrative district. In conclusion, sociodemographic factors alone did not suffice to explain the regional disparities in vaccine uptake. Political stances can play a major role, although the current investigation did not assess individual political orientations but rather used only an ecological approach.

Keywords: COVID-19; influenza; vaccine hesitancy.

Grants and funding

There was no specific funding for the conducted survey. The DigiHero study is funded by internal resources of the Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg and part of the recruitment was co-funded by the Ministry of Economy, Science, and Digitalization of the Federal State of Saxony-Anhalt (Germany).