Health Service Use Among Migrants in the German National Cohort-The Role of Birth Region and Language Skills

Int J Public Health. 2024 Mar 6:69:1606377. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606377. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Objective: To compare health service use (HSU) between migrants and non-migrants in Germany. Methods: Using data from the population-based German National Cohort (NAKO), we compared the HSU of general practitioners, medical specialists, and psychologists/psychiatrists between six migrant groups of different origins with the utilization of non-migrants. A latent profile analysis (LPA) with a subsequent multinomial regression analysis was conducted to characterize the HSU of different groups. Additionally, separate regression models were calculated. Both analyses aimed to estimate the direct effect of migration background on HSU. Results: In the LPA, the migrant groups showed no relevant differences compared to non-migrants regarding HSU. In separate analyses, general practitioners and medical specialists were used comparably to slightly more often by first-generation migrants from Eastern Europe, Turkey, and resettlers. In contrast, the use of psychologists/psychiatrists was substantially lower among those groups. Second-generation migrants and migrants from Western countries showed no differences in their HSU compared to non-migrants. Conclusion: We observed a low mental HSU among specific migrant groups in Germany. This indicates the existence of barriers among those groups that need to be addressed.

Keywords: German National Cohort; NAKO; health service research; mental health; migrant health.

MeSH terms

  • Deutschland
  • Health Services
  • Humans
  • Sprache
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care
  • Transients and Migrants*

Grants and funding

The German National Cohort (NAKO) is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (funding code 01ER1301A/B/C and 01ER1511D) and the participating federal states and supported by the Helmholtz Association as well as by the participating universities and institutes of the Leibniz Association. We acknowledge financial support from the Open Access Publication Fund of UKE - Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf and DFG – German Research Foundation.