Introduction: Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology has transformed biomedical research. New opportunities now exist to create new organoids, microtissues, and body-on-a-chip systems for basic biology investigations and clinical translations.
Areas covered: We discuss the utility of proteomics for attaining an unbiased view into protein expression changes during iPS cell differentiation, cell maturation, and tissue generation. The ability to discover cell-type specific protein markers during the differentiation and maturation of iPS-derived cells has led to new strategies to improve cell production yield and fidelity. In parallel, proteomic characterization of iPS-derived organoids is helping to realize the goal of bridging in vitro and in vivo systems.
Expert opinions: We discuss some current challenges of proteomics in iPS cell research and future directions, including the integration of proteomic and transcriptomic data for systems-level analysis.
Keywords: Induced pluripotent stem cell; mass spectrometry; organoids; proteomics; secretome.