Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide as first-line treatment in naïve HIV patients in a rapid-initiation model of care: BIC-NOW clinical trial

Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2024 Jun;63(6):107164. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107164. Epub 2024 Apr 2.

Abstract

Objective: Multiple strategies have been utilised to reduce the incidence of HIV, including PrEP and rapid antiretroviral therapy initiation. The study objectives were to evaluate the efficacy, safety, satisfaction, treatment adherence, and system retention obtained with rapid initiation of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) in naïve patients.

Methods: This phase IV, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, 48-week clinical trial enrolled patients between January 2020 and June 2022. Adherence to treatment was evaluated with the SMAQ questionnaire and patient satisfaction with the EQ-5D.

Results: Two hundred eight participants were enrolled with mean age of 35.6 years; 87.6% were males; mean CD4 count was 393.5 cells/uL (<200 cells/uL in 22.1%); viral load log was 5.6 (VL>100 000 cop/mL in 43.3%); 22.6% had AIDS, and 4.3% were coinfected with HBV. BIC/FTC/TAF was initiated on the day of their first visit to the HIV specialist in 98.6% of participants, and 9.6% were lost to follow-up. The efficacy at week 48 was 84.1 % by intention-to- treat (ITT), 94.6% by modified ITT, and 98.3% by per protocol analysis. The regimen was discontinued in two subjects (0.9%) during week 1 for grade 3 adverse events. Treatment adherence (weeks 4 [90%, IQR: 80-99%] vs. 48 [90%, IQR: 80-95%; P = 0.49]) and patient satisfaction (weeks 4 [90%, IQR: 80-99%] vs. 48 [90%, IQR: 80-95 P = 0.49]) rates were very high over the 48- week study period.

Conclusions: BIC/FTC/TAF is an appropriate option for rapid ART initiation in naïve HIV patients, offering high efficacy, safety, durability, treatment adherence, retention in the healthcare system, and patient satisfaction. Number Clinical Trial registration: NCT06177574.

Keywords: BIC-NOW; Bictegravir; PLHIV; naïve; test-and treat.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Clinical Trial, Phase IV

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenine / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Alanine* / analogs & derivatives
  • Alanine* / therapeutic use
  • Amides / therapeutic use
  • Anti-HIV Agents* / therapeutic use
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • Drug Combinations
  • Emtricitabine* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • HIV Infections* / drug therapy
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring / therapeutic use
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medication Adherence
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Satisfaction
  • Piperazines* / therapeutic use
  • Pyridones* / therapeutic use
  • Tenofovir* / analogs & derivatives
  • Tenofovir* / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Viral Load / drug effects
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Tenofovir
  • Emtricitabine
  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings
  • Pyridones
  • Alanine
  • Piperazines
  • bictegravir
  • Drug Combinations
  • Adenine
  • Amides
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring
  • tenofovir alafenamide
  • bictegravir, emtricitabine, tenofovir alafenamide, drug combination

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT06177574