Male perspectives on intimate partner violence: A qualitative analysis from South Africa

PLoS One. 2024 Apr 16;19(4):e0298198. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298198. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects one in four women globally and is more commonly enacted by men than women. Rates of IPV in South Africa exceed the global average. Exploring the background and context regarding why men use violence can help future efforts to prevent IPV.

Methods: We explored adult men's perspectives of IPV, livelihoods, alcohol use, gender beliefs, and childhood exposure to abuse through a secondary analysis of qualitative interviews that were conducted in South Africa. The setting was a peri-urban township characterized by high unemployment, immigration from rural areas, and low service provision. We utilized thematic qualitative analysis that was guided by the social ecological framework.

Results: Of 30 participants, 20 were residents in the neighborhood, 7 were trained community members, and 3 were program staff. Men reported consumption of alcohol and lack of employment as being triggers for IPV and community violence in general. Multiple participants recounted childhood exposure to abuse. These themes, in addition to culturally prescribed gender norms and constructs of manhood, seemed to influence the use of violence.

Conclusion: Interventions aimed at reducing IPV should consider the cultural and social impact on men's use of IPV in low-resource, high-IPV prevalence settings, such as peri-urban South Africa. This work highlights the persistent need for the implementation of effective primary prevention strategies that address contextual and economic factors in an effort to reduce IPV that is primarily utilized by men directed at women.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Child
  • Female
  • Gender Identity
  • Humans
  • Intimate Partner Violence*
  • Male
  • Men*
  • Risk Factors
  • South Africa / epidemiology
  • Violence

Grants and funding

This research was funded through What Works To Prevent Violence? A Global Programme on Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) funded by the UK Government’s Department for International Development (now called the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office). However, the views expressed do not necessarily reflect the department’s official policies and the funders had no role in study design, collection, management, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report, or the decision to submit the paper for publication.