Comparison of preventive effects of combined furosemide and mannitol versus single diuretics, furosemide or mannitol, on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity

Sci Rep. 2024 May 7;14(1):10511. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61245-6.

Abstract

Cisplatin (CDDP)-induced nephrotoxicity is a common dose-limiting toxicity, and diuretics are often administered to prevent nephrotoxicity. However, the efficacy and optimal administration of diuretics in preventing CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity remain to be established. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining furosemide and mannitol to prevent CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. This was a post-hoc analysis of pooled data from a multicenter, retrospective, observational study, including 396 patients who received one or two diuretics for CDDP-based chemotherapy, compared using propensity score matching. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for nephrotoxicity. There was no significant difference in the incidence of nephrotoxicity between the two groups (22.2% vs. 28.3%, P = 0.416). Hypertension, CDDP dose ≥ 75 mg/m2, and no magnesium supplementation were identified as risk factors for nephrotoxicity, whereas the use of diuretics was not found to be a risk factor. The combination of furosemide and mannitol showed no advantage over a single diuretic in preventing CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. The renal function of patients receiving CDDP-based chemotherapy (≥ 75 mg/m2) and that of those with hypertension should be carefully monitored. Magnesium supplementation is important for these patients.

Keywords: Cisplatin; Diuretics; Furosemide; Mannitol; Nephrotoxicity; Renal failure.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Observational Study
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Cisplatin* / adverse effects
  • Diuretics* / administration & dosage
  • Diuretics* / adverse effects
  • Diuretics* / therapeutic use
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Furosemide* / administration & dosage
  • Furosemide* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Kidney Diseases / chemically induced
  • Kidney Diseases / prevention & control
  • Male
  • Mannitol* / administration & dosage
  • Mannitol* / therapeutic use
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Furosemide
  • Cisplatin
  • Mannitol
  • Diuretics
  • Antineoplastic Agents