Increased Natural Killer (NK)-cell cytotoxicity and Trypanosoma cruzi-specific memory B cells in subjects with discordant serology for Chagas disease

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Aug;1870(6):167237. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167237. Epub 2024 May 13.

Abstract

The presence of memory T cell specific for Trypanosoma cruzi in subjects with discordant serology for Chagas disease supports a cleared infection in these subjects. Using high-dimensional flow cytometry, ELISPOT assays and quantitative PCR, antibody-secreting cells and memory B cells specific for T. cruzi, total B-cell phenotypes, innate immune responses and parasite DNA were evaluated in serodiscordant, seropositive and seronegative subjects for T. cruzi infection. T. cruzi-specific memory B cells but no antibody-secreting cells specific for T. cruzi, increased proportion of nonclassical monocytes and increased levels of polyfunctional NK cells were found in serodiscordant compared with seropositive subjects. None of the serodiscordant subjects evaluated showed detectable parasite DNA, most of them did not show cardiac abnormalities and a group of them had had confirmed positive serology for Chagas disease. The unique immune profiles in serodiscordant subjects support that T. cruzi infection was cleared or profoundly controlled in these subjects.

Keywords: B cells; Chagas; NK; Serodiscordance; Trypanosoma cruzi.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Protozoan / blood
  • Antibodies, Protozoan / immunology
  • Chagas Disease* / blood
  • Chagas Disease* / immunology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Killer Cells, Natural* / immunology
  • Male
  • Memory B Cells* / immunology
  • Middle Aged
  • Trypanosoma cruzi* / immunology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Protozoan