Thigh muscle by CT images as a predictor of mortality in patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer

Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 27;14(1):17267. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68008-3.

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of thigh muscle assessed by CT images to predict overall mortality in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This was a multicenter cohort study including adults (≥ 18 years old) newly diagnosed with CRC, who performed a diagnostic computed tomography (CT) exam including thigh regions. CT images were analyzed to evaluate skeletal muscle (SM in cm2), skeletal muscle index (SMI in cm2/m2), and skeletal muscle density (SMD in HU). Muscle abnormalities (low SM, SMI, and SMD) were defined as the values below the median by sex. Kaplan-Meyer curves and hazard ratios (HRs) for low SM, SMI and SMD were evaluated for overall mortality, stratified by sex. A total of 257 patients were included in the final analysis. Patients' mean age was 62.6 ± 12.1 years, and 50.2% (n = 129) were females. In males, low thigh SMI was associated with shorter survival (log-rank P = .02). Furthermore, this low thigh SMI (cm2/m2) was independently associated with higher mortality rates (HR adjusted 2.08, 95% CI 1.03-4.18). Our additional findings demonstrated that low SMD was independently associated with overall mortality among early-stage patients (I-III) (HR adjusted 2.78, 95% CI 1.26-6.15).

Keywords: Body composition; Cancer; Mortality; Muscle mass; Skeletal muscle index; Skeletal muscle radiodensity.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle, Skeletal* / diagnostic imaging
  • Muscle, Skeletal* / pathology
  • Prognosis
  • Thigh* / diagnostic imaging
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed* / methods