The molecular architecture of the nuclear basket

Cell. 2024 Sep 19;187(19):5267-5281.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.020. Epub 2024 Aug 9.

Abstract

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the sole mediator of nucleocytoplasmic transport. Despite great advances in understanding its conserved core architecture, the peripheral regions can exhibit considerable variation within and between species. One such structure is the cage-like nuclear basket. Despite its crucial roles in mRNA surveillance and chromatin organization, an architectural understanding has remained elusive. Using in-cell cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram analysis, we explored the NPC's structural variations and the nuclear basket across fungi (yeast; S. cerevisiae), mammals (mouse; M. musculus), and protozoa (T. gondii). Using integrative structural modeling, we computed a model of the basket in yeast and mammals that revealed how a hub of nucleoporins (Nups) in the nuclear ring binds to basket-forming Mlp/Tpr proteins: the coiled-coil domains of Mlp/Tpr form the struts of the basket, while their unstructured termini constitute the basket distal densities, which potentially serve as a docking site for mRNA preprocessing before nucleocytoplasmic transport.

Keywords: NPC; chromatin organization; cross-linking mass spectrometry; cryo-electron tomography; cryo-focused-ion-beam milling; in-cell structural biology; integrative modeling; mRNA transport; nuclear basket; nuclear pore complex; subtomogram analysis.

MeSH terms

  • Active Transport, Cell Nucleus*
  • Animals
  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism
  • Cryoelectron Microscopy
  • Mice
  • Models, Molecular
  • Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins* / chemistry
  • Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins* / metabolism
  • Nuclear Pore* / chemistry
  • Nuclear Pore* / metabolism
  • Nuclear Pore* / ultrastructure
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / chemistry
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / ultrastructure
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae* / metabolism
  • Toxoplasma / metabolism
  • Toxoplasma / ultrastructure

Substances

  • Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins